Boyd_Ch17-Wilkins’ Clinical Practice of the Dental Hygienist, 13e

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Feb 20, 2024

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1. The acquired pellicle forms on: a) restorations. b) exposed tooth surfaces. c) dental calculus. d) dental crowns. *e) All of these are correct. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 2. After all external material has been removed from tooth surfaces, the acquired pellicle is fully formed within: a) 5 minutes. b) 60 minutes. *c) 30 to 90 minutes. d) 90 to 180 minutes. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 3. The significance of the acquired pellicle is that: a) it is protective. b) it is a lubricant. c) it provides a nidus for bacteria. d) it is a mode of calculus attachment. *e) All of these are correct. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 4. Gram-positive cocci enter the bacterial biofilm in how many hours? *a) Within 24 hours b) 24 to 48 hours c) 48 to 72 hours d) None of these are correct. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 5. When biofilm is left undisturbed on the tooth surface, gingivitis develops within: a) 1 day. b) 2 days. c) 7 hours. *d) 10 to 21 days. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 6. Biofilm occurs least frequently: a) on proximal surfaces. b) at the gingival margin. c) around the gingival third of the tooth. *d) on anterior surfaces.

?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 7. The planktonic “free-floating” biofilm contains which of the following? a) Epithelial cells b) Platelets c) Erythrocytes *d) Leukocytes ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 8. Critical pH for enamel demineralization averages: *a) 4.5 to 5.5 b) 6.2 to 7.0. c) 6.0 to 6.4. d) None of these are correct. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 9. Your patient John informs you that he only drinks one can of soda all day because he sips it slowly throughout the day. During OHI you tell him: a) “Large amounts of sucrose eaten at mealtimes is more cariogenic.” b) “Small amounts of sucrose eaten at frequent intervals is less cariogenic.” *c) “Small amounts of sucrose eaten at frequent intervals is more cariogenic.” d) None of these are correct. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 10. Which one of the following is a loosely adherent mass of bacteria and cellular debris and is white or grayish-white in appearance? a) Dental plaque *b) Material alba c) Calculus d) Acquired pellicle ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 11. A) Microbial biofilm plays a major role in the initiation and progression of both dental caries and periodontal infections. B) Periodontal diseases and dental caries are nontransmissible diseases. *a) Statement A is true and statement B is false. b) Statement A is false and statement B is true. c) Both statements are true. d) Both statements are false. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 12. Which statement is false concerning the pellicle? a) Pellicle can take on extrinsic stain and become gradations of brown, gray, or other colors.

*b) When stained with a disclosing agent, pellicle appears thick. c) The pellicle plays an important protective role in the maintenance of oral health. d) The pellicle acts as a nidus of attachment for the bacteria and subsequent calculus on the tooth surfaces. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 13. The initial layer of subgingival biofilm is composed of: a) F. nucleatum . b) Tannerella . c) T. forsythia. *d) actinomyces. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 14. Which of the following is an organic element of biofilm? a) Phosphorus *b) Proteins c) Calcium d) Magnesium ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 15. Which of the following statements is true of dental calculus? *a) Dental calculus can form on dentures. b) Dental calculus can only form on the crown or root of the tooth. c) Dental calculus cannot form on bridges. d) Dental calculus cannot form on occlusal surfaces of the tooth. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 16. The steps for calculus formation, in chronological order, are: a) biofilm formation, mineralization, pellicle formation. b) mineralization, pellicle formation, biofilm formation. *c) pellicle formation, biofilm formation, mineralization. d) mineralization, biofilm formation, pellicle formation. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 17. Which one of the following is the most highly mineralized tissue in the body? a) Cementum b) Bone c) Dentin *d) Enamel ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 18. Tactile examination for subgingival calculus can be detected by using which of the following tools?

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a) Explorer b) Probe c) Radiographs *d) Explorer and probe ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 19. Calculus-control (“tartar-control”) dentifrices contain: a) a calcium and phosphorus system. *b) a pyrophosphate or zinc system. c) sodium fluoride. d) a stannous fluoride system. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 20. A) Heavy calculus formers have higher salivary levels of calcium and phosphorus than do light calculus formers. B) Light calculus formers have higher levels of pyrophosphate. a) Statement A is true and statement B is false. b) Statement A is false and statement B is true. *c) Both statements are true. d) Both statements are false. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 21. How early can mineralization of both supra- and subgingival calculus begin? a) It can begin immediately after deep scaling and root planning. b) It can begin in 12 to 24 hours. *c) It can begin in 24 to 72 hours. d) It will not begin if an oral irrigation system is used. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 22. Your patient, Mr. Jones, wants to know what you think about the new bleaching toothpaste that has just come into the stores. He wants to buy some but he wants to know if it will be good for him or possibly harm his teeth. He asks you what he should do and you advise him: a) “Give the toothpaste a try and if there is any discomfort discontinue usage.” b) “Ask family and friends if they have had any problems with the product’s usage.” c) “Buy the product and use just a small amount at first until you are used to it.” *d) “Buy only products that contain the ADA seal of acceptance on the package.” ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 23. Calculus occurs most frequently on: a) lingual surfaces of maxillary molars. *b) facial surfaces of maxillary molars. c) lingual surfaces of maxillary incisors. d) None of these are correct. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains

24. Which of the following is an inorganic component of calculus? a) Desquamated epithelial cells b) Mucin from saliva c) Leukocytes *d) Calcium ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 25. Your patient, James Olsen, is in for his 6-month recare appointment. He informs you that he has been unable to remove the plaque from his upper and lower central incisors no matter how hard he tries. His health history states that he has areas of fluorosis and suspect caries on posterior molars. Which of the following could make Mr. Olsen more susceptible to calculus formation? a) Pitted enamel b) Carious defects *c) Both pitted enamel and carious defects d) Neither pitted enamel or carious defects ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 26. Your patient, Kathy, is in for her maintenance appointment; she recently purchased some tartar-control toothpaste, and it seems to be working for her. She asks you, “How does it prevent tartar from forming?” You respond: a) “It prevents the buildup of saliva.” b) “It prevents pellicle formation.” c) “It contains fluoride, which helps to prevent decalcification.” *d) “It contains pyrophosphate.” ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 27. Calculus is a(n) __________ factor in pocket development. a) irrigating *b) predisposing c) dissuading d) halting ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 28. What is the primary use of the dental endoscopy in deep pockets? a) To detect pocket depths b) To explore for irregular surfaces c) To detect hardness of dentin *d) To detect burnished calculus ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 29. Which one of the following is not a chemotherapeutic agent for prevention of calculus?

a) Pyrophosphates *b) Brushite c) Zinc citrate d) Tricolsan ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 30. Apatite is a crystalline mineral component of bones and teeth that contains calcium and: a) haapalaite. b) magnesium. *c) phosphate. d) None of these are correct. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 31. Which of the following types of stain is considered an intrinsic stain? a) Coffee stain b) Tobacco stain *c) Fluorosis d) Black-line stain ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 32. Dental fluorosis is: a) abnormal dentin formation. b) overuse of antibiotics by pregnant mothers. *c) enamel hypomineralization resulting from ingestion of excessive fluoride during tooth mineralization. d) yellowing of the teeth associated with the aging process. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 33. Stains occurring directly on the tooth surface can be removed by: *a) scaling and polishing. b) gingival probing. c) using a mouthrinse containing alexidine. d) regular flossing. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 34. Extrinsic stains may be caused by: a) coffee, tea, and tobacco. b) food. c) bacteria. d) some medications. *e) All of these are correct. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains

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35. Chlorhexidine and alexidine are: a) used to treat local hypoplasia. b) used widely in metallic salts. *c) used in mouthrinses and are effective against plaque formation. d) chemicals present in metallic dust, which industrial workers may inhale. e) used in prophylaxis jets. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 36. White spots on a single tooth due to ameloblastic disturbance are called: *a) local enamel hypoplasia. b) dentinogenesis imperfecta. c) decalcification. d) dental fluorosis. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 37. The betel leaf is commonly used by people of all ages in Eastern countries. Which of the following is true of betel leaf? a) The betel leaf causes decalcification. *b) The betel leaf has a caries-inhibiting effect. c) The betel leaf causes a yellow stain on the tooth. d) The betel leaf causes a green stain on the tooth. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 38. Which of the following statements is true of pulpless teeth? a) All pulpless teeth discolor. *b) Not all pulpless teeth discolor. c) Pulpless teeth can cause frequent pain. d) None of these are correct. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 39. Which of the following is true regarding the use of tetracycline antibiotics? *a) Discoloration of the teeth may be generalized or limited to specific parts of individual teeth. b) Tetracycline antibiotics are absorbed by the lungs. c) Administering tetracycline antibiotics to a pregnant mother during the third trimester of pregnancy may result in discoloration of the mother’s teeth. d) Discoloration is always the same regardless of the type of tetracycline used. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 40. Copper amalgam used for filling primary teeth may impart a(n) __________ color. a) bluish-black b) orange *c) bluish-green d) brown

?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 41. Which of the following restorative material ions does not eventually contact debris at the junction of the tooth and the restoration and form sulfides, which are products of corrosion? a) Silver *b) Porcelain c) Mercury d) Tin ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 42. Discoloration of the teeth of a child can result when tetracycline is administered to the mother during the __________ trimester of pregnancy. a) first b) second *c) third d) Tetracycline does not cause discoloration. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 43. Use of __________ can result in a greenish discoloration of teeth. a) beta blockers b) antilipemics *c) antibiotics d) antihypertensives ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 44. Jill Carter is a 27-year-old female; she presents herself for a maintenance exam and prophylaxis. Her last recall visit was 6 months ago, and, at that time, the dentist prescribed a brush-on fluoride gel to control caries. Jill states, “I am upset by the stains on my teeth; I don’t drink coffee or smoke.” She asked the RDH where this stain came from, what it is called, and how it will be removed. After carefully reviewing the medical history with Jill (she is not taking any medications) and a thorough examination, the RDH concludes she has staining. The type of stain is most likely: *a) brown stain. b) orange stain. c) metallic stain. d) tetracycline stain. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 45. Jill Carter is a 27-year-old female; she presents herself for a maintenance exam and prophylaxis. Her last recall visit was 6 months ago, and, at that time, the dentist prescribed a brush-on fluoride gel to control caries. Jill states, “I am upset by the stains on my teeth; I don’t drink coffee or smoke.” She asked the RDH where this stain came from, what it is called, and how it will be removed. After carefully reviewing the medical history with Jill (she is not taking

any medications) and a thorough examination, the RDH concludes she has staining. Her stain is most likely caused by: a) chromogenic bacteria. b) too much iron in her diet. *c) formation of stannous sulfide. d) food debris. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 46. Brown stain that result from the formation of stannous sulfide are: a) intrinsic. *b) extrinsic. c) chlorophyll. d) metallic. ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 47. True or False? Subgingival biofilm includes more predominantly gram-positive anaerobic and motile organisms of periodontal diseases. False ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains 48. Supragingival biofilm develops as a result of downgrowth of subgingival biofilm. False ?Subject: Chapter 17: Dental Soft Deposits, Biofilm, Calculus, and Stains

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