Human Anatomy & Physiology
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6.03 Bone Growth/Remodeling Review (15
Points)
Part A: Bone Remodeling
Answer the following. (#1-4 are 1 point per blank;
#5 is 3 points)
1.
What is the purpose of bone remodeling?
a.
meets changing mechanical stress needs
b.
helps repair micro damage in the bone matrix
c.
plays an important role in maintaining plasma calcium homeostasis
2.
Define ossification.
bone remodeling
3.
Describe the role of the following in bone remodeling:
a.
Osteoclasts –
bone remodeling involves the removal of mineralized bones
by cells called osteoclasts
b.
Osteoblasts –
formation of bone matrix through the cells called osteoblast
c.
PTH –
stimulates osteoclasts to digest bone when blood calcium levels are
low the calcium from the bone digestion is released into the bloodstream
d.
Calcitonin –
has the opposite effect on osteoclasts slowing down the
digestion of bone
e.
Calcitriol –
an active form of vitamin D, plays a role in mineralization
making bones strong
f.
Growth hormone –
increases bone mass by stimulating osteoblasts to lay
down new bone
4.
What minerals are found in considerable amounts in bone?
Bones contain
significant amounts of minerals like calcium and phosphorus. These minerals give bones
their strength and hardness
5.
Describe the bone remodeling process in 3 phases to include cells and hormones
involved.
Write your answer below:
The bone remodeling process involves three phases: resorption, reversal, and formation. During
the resorption phase, osteoclasts break down old bone tissue, releasing calcium and other minerals
into the bloodstream. In the reversal phase, the bone surface is prepared for new bone formation.
Finally, during the formation phase, osteoblasts come in and build new bone tissue, depositing
calcium and other minerals. Hormones like parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin play a role
