Cellular Metabolism Exam 1 Gift

Ans no. 29

Pathways to cell death in ischaemia  There are many overlapping and interacting events and pathways involved in ischaemic injury in the brain.  Create your own “vision/map” of these pathways and how they interact  Diagram - pictures  Flowchart A combination You should consider including  The initial event Cellular energy failure Excitotoxicity  Ca2+ overload Oxidative stress Inflammation Apoptosis & necrosis  Reperfusion injury       Points for therapeutic intervention  Looking at the diagrams of events in the ischaemic cascade – identify at least 3 points at which you could potentially interact with this cascade with a drug- based therapeutic. Indicate with what the drug would interact (enzyme, channel, receptor, transporter etc) And what kind of action you would expect it to have. Why would you expect this target might be useful in preventing downstream damage for stroke patients?

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs.  Question: What is the importance and advanatge of detecting CSCs? Please explain in detail the main findings with your own words.

Question: Explain how being mortal might be protection from cancer.

Question:- Regarding how information is passed through the cell, why is the state (confirmation) of a cell changed when other molecules are added or removed?

2. Michael P. was very weak from birth, with poor muscle tone, difficulty breathing, and great fatigue. By his third month, he began having seizures. Michael’s medical tests were normal except for one: his cerebrospinal fluid (the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord) was unusually high in glucose. Hypothesizing that the boy could not produce enough ATP, doctors gave him a diet rich in certain fatty acids that caused the cellular respiration pathway to resume at the point of acetyl CoA formation. Michael rapidly improved. Explain what caused his symptoms. HINT What part of cellular respiration was not working in Michael's cells? A student is accustomed to running three miles at a leisurely jogging pace

Briefly Mentionabout the important functions of apoptosis & autophagy.

Please help me with this question. More than one answer may be correct.  Gap Junctions ______. Options: A)  can be closed by increase [cAMP] B)  are made of a protein complex called connexon C)  are made of a protein complex called hemichannel D)  can be closed by increase [Ca++] E)  can be closed by decreased pH

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. There are many biomedical engineering based approaches to detect CSCs.  Question: What is the importance and advanatge of detecting CSCs? Please explain in detail

Question questions. : Answer the following A) Compare between the two major types of cells. Also, explain the different levels of interactions between living organisms in the environment. B) Explain why experiments on different kinds of animals may have relevance for understanding human biology, give also, an example of such approach.

Justify the importance of transport mechanisms in cells in maintaining homeostasis. Learning Assessments: SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS Ace is a 60-year-old man who loves to eat salty foods, canned goods and drink coffee that caused him from suffering to painful swelling and stiffness on side of his knee. He went to his doctor for a check-up and underwent physical examination and diagnosed with edema. Given the situation, what can you infer to his condition? How homeostasis can be achieved? Justify your answer inside the box. SCORE DESCRIPTION Shows a deep understanding of the importance of transport mechanisms in cells in maintaining homeostasis. Justification is comprehensive valid, logical and insightful. The concepts, arguments, explanations, qualifications made and/or reasoning methods used are advanced, clearly stated and based on careful analysis of the case given. The student uses reflective strategic thinking deeply in defending his/her answers. Shows solid understanding of the…

For this exercise, an electron micrograph of secretory cells of the anterior pituitary is being used (Sandborn, E.B. (1970) Cells and Tissues by Light and Electron Microscopy, New York, New York: Academic Press, Inc.). The image originally measured 18.7 cm wide and 18.5 cm high with a magnification of 5200x. Given the width of the original micrograph at 18.7cm, what is the true width of unmagnified image? Show calculations.

. Download and read the attached review article (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5836099/pdf/EMBR-19-e45440.pdf) titled: Perturbing mitosis for anti-cancer therapy: is cell death the only answer?

Describe how a protein synthesised in the cytosol enters the ER. Please keep brief - 5 sentences/dot points max.

Which of the 4 steps are most important and why

Subject : Biology  Question : Explain and discuss how molecules can be transported through the plasma membrane of the cell

Situation B: Mr. Mahmood, a 45-year-old man was trapped in the lift with no water and food. It was nearly more than 2 days (> 48 hours) before he was discovered and rescued.  i. Identify the physiological state.  ii. Explain the biochemical responses and hormone(s) implicated.

Cell Biology: Q. What are the proteins involved in the cortex and briefly describe how do they interact in its formation? Notes: cell cortex is under a blood cell, makes cell stronger (stable) (attachment proteins)

Elevated blood plasma levels of alkaline phosphatase (hyperphosphatasaemia) are an indication of a number of pathologies. Briefly comment on the use of alkaline phosphatase assays as a diagnostic aid for a single common medical condition.  (word limit 120 words including citations and references.

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Anemia is characterized by low hemoglobin levels or a reduced number of red blood cells (both of which transport oxygen to cells). A common symptom of anemia is tiredness. Please do not copy answers from another website/source. a) Briefly explain what the consequences are of anemia on cellular energy production. b) Suggest at least one other cellular effect of anemia and a brief explanation of this effect.

Part || – An Unexpected Visitor After Ivy was finished meeting with Dr. Alvarez, she didn't feel like going back to her dorm room where her room- mates were waiting to hear from her. She decided to process her diagnosis at the local coffee shop. Curling up in an oversized chair with a warm cookie and peppermint hot cocoa with whipped cream always made her feel better. Sitting alone would give her time to think. How could something so important go so wrong in her cells? How did cells get or make the mitochondria anyway? Obviously, cells could survive without mitochondria if they had to, so why had mitochondria evolved in the first place? Just then, Ali, a fellow student in her biology class who made it a point to sit near her each class, walked over to strike up a conversation. "Hi Ivy! Whať's up?" Trying to avoid conversation, Ivy simply shrugged and mumbled, “Not much." Ali gave her a big smile and said "I've noticed that you take good notes in bio, would you want to study together...…

Checkpoint: Diffusion (1 point each) For each of the following diagrams, indicate the net direction of movement of each substance. Assume that the semipermeable membrane allows glucose, water, and IKI to diffuse freely but prevents sucrose and proteins from passing through. 1. What is the net direction of glucose? What is the net direction of IKI? 20% glucose 5% glucose 20% IKI 10% IKI What is the net direction of protein? 0% protein 5% protein 75% water 65% water What is the net direction of water? Diffusion, Osmosis, and Tonicity 2. What is the net direction of glucose? What is the net direction of IKI? 20% glucose 20% glucose 30% IKI 10% IKI What is the net direction of water? 45% water 65% water 5% sucrose 5% sucrose What is the net direction of sucrose? 3. What is the difference between osmosis and diffusion? (2 points)

Briefly Explain why cell injury due to genetic causes are alarmingly increasing each year

Remember for T/F questions, either answer TRUE or FALSE, but if the answer is FALSE make sure to explain WHY the answer is false. Chaperones solely live in the ER and the mitochondria.

b. Individuals with these cancers may be treated with one of the following chemotherapeutic drugs. Complete the table below about their mechanisms of action. In which cellular compartment/ structure/organelle does this process occur? Drug Drug's mechanism of action Which process is targeted first by this drug? If more than 1 location, be sure to specify ALL relevant locations. (replication, mitosis, transcription, translation, or none of the above)? A Inhibits microtubule disassembly В Inhibits elongation by RNA polymerase Inhibits eukaryotic ribosomal function D

Barth Syndrome describe how it impacts overall cellular function in those afflicted by the disorder?

b. Individuals with these cancers may be treated with one of the following chemotherapeutic drugs. Complete the table below about their mechanisms of action. Which process is targeted first by this drug? In which cellular compartment/ structure/organelle does this process occur? Drug Drug's mechanism of action (replication, mitosis, transcription, translation, or none of the above)? If more than 1 location, be sure to specify ALL relevant locations. A Inhibits microtubule disassembly Inhibits elongation by RNA polymerase B Inhibits eukaryotic ribosomal function

A. Signal transduction in cells can happen in two fundamental ways once a signal arrives at the cell membrane. Using diagrams to aid your explanations, compare these two different types of signal transduction and explain why they occur differently. How is the signal amplified and briefly describe the kinds of cell responses (at least 4) that can occur in cells.

BHK-21 are what type of cell?   muscle   fibroblast   nerve   epithelail

Lesson: BIOCHEMISTRY  Parts Of Cell Hiii tutor i hope you will help me to answer those questions. Hope u will have a heart to answer all thank youuu, this is my first time using my question subscription in biochemistry ^^

What are four benefits of anaerobic glycolysis in tumor cells? https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-40617-3#Tab1

Q6\ How can cell prevent any error can cause cancer or abnormal cell?

Situation: In the emergency room, you are admitting a newborn who has physiologic jaundice, an adult with complaints of chest pain, and a teenager with cramping legs.   1.What enzyme is not sufficient to the newborn resulting to his yellowish discoloration?  2.What caused the insufficient enzyme that is correctly identified in number 1 3.