Lecture 36 (set 2) Video Guide - complete

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Lecture #36 (Set 2) Video Guide MUSI 1310 Rock ‘n Roll Topic : Prog Rock Adapts/The Development of Hardcore Punk Prog Rock Adapts 1) Peter Gabriel was the founding leader of the ‘60s prog rock band in England known as Genesis . - He left the group in 1976 and released several solo albums from the late ‘70s and throughout the next decade of the 1980s. 2) His fifth solo album called “ So ” (1986) was far more Pop -oriented than any of his earlier works. - Sidenote: During his solo career, Peter Gabriel still retained his poetic and theatrical sensibilities from his prog rock days with Genesis. 3) Gabriel was interested in and influenced by African American popular music, particularly the soul music of Motown and Atlantic. - He often referenced how this musical style was the largest part of his listening repertoire as a teenager in the 1960s. 4) He also included many influences from world music in the production of So , such as a Japenese flute called a shakuhachi . - In this project, he also adopted the usage of Brazilian instruments and rhythmic patterns. 5) The single entitled “ Mercy Street ” is dedicated to and inspired by the American poet Anne Sexton. - This is an example of Peter Gabriel retaining his poetic sensibilities from his prog rock days with Genesis. 6) The single entitled “ Red Rain ” tells the tale of Mozo, a recurring character in many of Gabriel’s songs. - This is an example of Peter Gabriel retaining his theatrical sensibilities from his prog rock days with Genesis.

Lecture #36 (Set 2) Video Guide MUSI 1310 Rock ‘n Roll Topic : Prog Rock Adapts/The Development of Hardcore Punk 7) Gabriel’s most popular single released during his solo career was “ Sledgehammer ” (1986). - Sidenote: According to Peter Gabriel, Sledgehammer was “an attempt to recreate some of the spirit and style of the music that excited me as a teenager. 1960’s soul.” 8) Instead of covering a song from the 1960s or replicating the performance style, Gabriel attempted to capture the sensibility of 1960s soul and update it into a new context. - Sledgehammer combined soulful Otis Redding-style singing, a funk-inspired groove with plenty of horns, lyric double entendre reminiscent of the rural and urban blues traditions, and the world music sounds of synthesized shakuhachi flute. 9) The music video for the song included claymation and stop- motion animation techniques that provided unique visual appeal that ultimately contributed to it becoming to this date, the most- played video in the history of MTV . - The video to Sledgehammer undoubtedly helped increase the sales of the single and the album to people who might otherwise had never heard of Peter Gabriel. Hardcore Punk 10) Throughout the 1980s, a number of punk musicians in the underground Continued writing and recording music in an aesthetic that was heavily indebted to the sounds and style of the Ramones and the Sex Pistols .

Lecture #36 (Set 2) Video Guide MUSI 1310 Rock ‘n Roll Topic : Prog Rock Adapts/The Development of Hardcore Punk 11) This incarnation of punk music became known as ____hardcore punk_____________ because it embraced hard, aggressive sounds, fast speeds, and do- it-yourself attitude of earlier punk music. 12) By the 1980s, the epicenter of American punk music moved from New York to Los Angeles , in part because the New York scene had produced too many commercially successful acts such as Blondie and the Talking Heads . 13) The music of hardcore punk never appeared on charts or received play on radio stations, but it was a crucial underground movement that would inspire a generation of neo- punk and alternative musicians during the 1990s. 14) One of the first prominent hardcore punk bands in the L.A. scene was Fear , which was formed in 1977. - Sidenote: Fears music was loud, fast and distorted, and guitarist/lead singer Lee Ving screamed most of his lyrics. 15) The group brought some notoriety to the hardcore punk scene when they performed on the television show Saturday Night Live in 1981. - They disparaged their host city by screaming “New York sucks!” and performed a song called “ New York’s All Right if You Like Saxophones ,” which openly mocked the city. 16) During the group’s performance, the listeners were moshing , and as the audience participation became more intense, the

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Lecture #36 (Set 2) Video Guide MUSI 1310 Rock ‘n Roll Topic : Prog Rock Adapts/The Development of Hardcore Punk network cut to commercial break in the middle of the song. - This type of reaction was welcomed by the hardcore punk community, who were largely uninterested in support from mainstream listeners or major record labels. 17) Black Flag was another band that played a significant role in the burgeoning Los Angeles hardcore punk scene. - The group’s personnel changed frequently during the late 1970s, and Henry Rollins became the band’s lead singer in 1981. 18) Their music always featured heavy distortion, songs that were short and concise, and screamed lyrics with plenty of profanity . - To followers of the Los Angeles hardcore punk movement, Damaged was one of the most important albums made and one that effectively represented the music of that era. 19) In Washington D.C. , a hardcore punk scene was developing that sounded remarkably similar to that of Los Angeles hardcore. - This scene began to establish itself during the late 1970s, and by the early and mid-1980s it had significant underground following. 20) In contrast to the L.A. scene however, D.C. hardcore punk music spoke out against drugs , promoted racial tolerance and advocated intellectual government rather than anarchy. 21) Singer, songwriter, and guitarist Ian MacKaye founded the group Minor Threat in 1980 with drummer Jeff Nelson. - Sidenote: Releasing music on their own label, called Dischord, Minor Threat’s music had the distortion, screaming, and rough edges of British punk and L.A. hardcore punk, but hteir messages advocated a drug-and alcohol free lifestyle.

Lecture #36 (Set 2) Video Guide MUSI 1310 Rock ‘n Roll Topic : Prog Rock Adapts/The Development of Hardcore Punk 22) Their single called “ Straight Edge ” (1981) inspired the name for a movement of both musicians and fans who avoided drugs and alcohol. - An awareness of the issues of substance abuse began to emerge in the nation at the time, and advocacy campaigns toward healthier living began to take shape, even in popular music. This was a contrast to psychedelic popular music 12 – 15 years earlier. 23) The hardcore punk scene of Minnesota’s Twin Cities was a contrast to the sounds and styles of Los Angeles and Washington, D.C. 24) Bands such as the Replacements and Husker Du had a more melodic style than other hardcore punk groups of the era. - This often made their music far more accessible to listeners, as a result. 25) The Replacements were led by singer, guitarist, and songwriter Paul Westerberg, who added catchy melodic hooks to the band’s music. - Their sound retained the speed, distortion, and compactness of punk rock , while also adding more harmonic complexity than most other groups. 26) The single “ Color Me Impressed ” (1983) represents the Replacements’ musical style from the period with its brief length, catchy melody, fast tempo, unpolished performance, and instrumental hooks. 27) The Replacements recorded/released their early albums on the local independent label Twin/Tone, but by the mid-1980s, they signed with the major label Sire Records and would now have a few music videos placed on MTV .

Lecture #36 (Set 2) Video Guide MUSI 1310 Rock ‘n Roll Topic : Prog Rock Adapts/The Development of Hardcore Punk 28) True to the punk rock do-it-yourself aesthetic, the Replacements’ video for “ Bastards of Young ” (1985) was three and a half minutes of a stereo system playing the song. 29) Like the Replacements, Hüsker Dü was from Minnesota and recorded a melodic style of hardcore punk . 30) They also became popular with the growing college rock market. - Sidenote: Any brand of punk rock in the early to mid-1980's was guaranteed to be a big hit in most college towns and across the nation. 31) Like the Replacements, some of their videos also aired on MTV , and later additional music networks, such as VH1, and others. - They played a mixture of originals and covers. 32) They covered the song “ Eight Miles High ” by the Byrds, adding punk characteristics into the psychedelic ‘60s tune. 33) Their original song “ Makes No Sense at All ” (1985) revealed catchy hooks combined with punk sensibility. 34) First signed to an independent label, Hüsker Dü also joined a major label during the mid-1980s, recording two albums for Warner Brothers.

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Lecture #36 (Set 2) Video Guide MUSI 1310 Rock ‘n Roll Topic : Prog Rock Adapts/The Development of Hardcore Punk 35) Both Hüsker Dü and the Replacements each received regular exposure on the MTV program called 120 minutes , a weekly show devoted to independent and underground musicians. 36) Just as they began to attain a market following, Hüsker Dü disbanded in 1986. In conclusion of Lecture 36 . . . 37) During the late 1970s and 1980s, musicians drew from tradition in many different ways. 38) Some groups were direct descendants of earlier genres, such as the hardcore punk musicians of Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and Minnesota’s Twin Cities. 39) Others combined a number of earlier genres and styles, such as Bruce Springsteen’s blend of a Bob “Dylanesque” folk sensibility with traditional rock instrumentation and production values from Phil Spector and his wall of sound . 40) Still others reinterpreted styles of the past, such as Peter Gabriel, whose version of 1960s soul mixed funk grooves and world music instruments with lyrical ideas of the blues and soul .

Lecture #36 (Set 2) Video Guide MUSI 1310 Rock ‘n Roll Topic : Prog Rock Adapts/The Development of Hardcore Punk Lecture Quiz (you may keep record of video questions here for later/further Unit study) … 1) Who was specifcially influenced by 1950s rock, as well as Bob Dylan’s folk music, and Phil Spector’s ‘wall of sound’? Bruce Springsteen 2) Who ended-up being Bruce Springsteen’s drummer in 1974? Max Weinberg 3) His songs were often stories of the Midwest – John Mellencamp 4) He had the first album as a white artist to reach number 1 on the Billboard black albums charts in the 1980’s. -- George Michael 5) During the week, he was a school teacher known as “Mr. Summer” to his students, but on weekends he was a jazz and punk rock bass player. -- Sting 6) Which band leader wrote lyrics that were both poetic and politically conscious? Bono 7) Which category most influenced one of England’s best known prog rock artists Peter Gabriel? Soul 8) One hardcore punk group appeared on this TV Show in 1981 – Saturday Night Live 9) In their TV appearance, the network cut to commercial because the ‘moshing’ audience was becoming violent -- Fear

Lecture #36 (Set 2) Video Guide MUSI 1310 Rock ‘n Roll Topic : Prog Rock Adapts/The Development of Hardcore Punk 10) In contrast to much of the rest of hardcore punk, which Washington, D.C group spoke out against drugs in their music – Black Flag

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