Culture Presentation - Team 5 - American Indians (Native Americans)

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Sinclair Community College *

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Apr 3, 2024

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Exploring Cultures and Ethnic Groups in America To stay organized, everyone highlight the two questions you’re willing to complete in a specific color!! (we’ll remove the highlights when we’re done) Team Members: Aleigha Ramby, Morgan Pike, Jerannetta Nelson, Alex Rader , Joy Morgan Ethnic group: American Indians (Native Americans) Important information for getting started: ● For EACH section you MUST INCLUDE WHERE you found your information (i.e. URL to the site where you got your information). Remember, you need this for EACH answer! ● You must ALSO PUT YOUR NAME AT THE END of EACH section you completed . This allows your instructor to see which group member completed what portion of the assignment. ● To complete this template LEAVE IN the topic (i.e. Describe your assigned ethnic group and their culture) AND required word count (i.e. minimum 100 words). Type your response UNDER that heading. Section 1: Basic culture information: Describe your assigned ethnic group and their culture. ( minimum 100 words ) - American Indians are one of the most culturally diverse ethnic groups in the U.S. They’re defined as members of any indigenous peoples of the North, Central, and South Americas, as well as the continental U.S. Their ancestors were known as nomadic hunters who originated from Northeast Asia into North America. Among Native Americans, there are various systems of beliefs. Some of these include the Alaska Native religion, Earth Lodge Religion, and Longhouse Religion. Most of these religions have a creator as well as harmony for nature, endurance for suffering, respect, and noninterference of others. As a part of their culture, beliefs, and traditions, reflect a strong emphasis on group involvement and decision-making. (word count: 114) - Aleigha Ramby - http://www.wellnesscourts.org/files/Duran%20-%20American%20Indian %20Belief%20Systems.pdf Discuss the family structure and gender roles of your ethnic group. ( minimum 100 words ) - In American Indian cultures, each tribe has their own structure and assigned gender roles. Although they had their own traditions, there were many similarities between them. Men mainly took on the roles of leading, hunting, and making decisions. Some of these decisions men made included choices of war, migrating, and trade. Women took on the roles of making clothes, planting and harvesting, and taking care of families. Both men and women played very important roles to keep their tribes successful. Family structures in these tribes were very intricate. Chiefs were chosen based on their intelligence, not gender. In some tribes, gender roles were switched between women and men. In conclusion, Native American tribes based their roles not on just gender, but on skills and abilities. (word count 124) Alex Rader - Revised 2/22

Understanding Gender Roles in Native American Communities Using Computational Analysis – Unheard Voices (ucla.edu) Describe the role of animals/pets in your ethnic group. ( minimum 80 words ) – In Native American culture, their traditions are different then what we are used to. Native Americans do not traditionally own animals as pets. They prefer to leave the animals wild, and may choose a home. Indigenous people had domesticated dogs for various reasons, such as hunting and protecting. Animals to Native Americans are “spiritual animals,” used to communicate values and as beliefs. The Indigenous are very respectful of the animals, they believe honoring the lives of animals and only taking what is needed. (Word count: 83) Morgan Pike https://americanindian.si.edu/nk360/informational/native-american-spirit-animal#:~:text=In %20Native%20American%20traditions%2C%20animals,%2C%20clan%2C%20and%20personal %20stories. What are their traditions and holidays? ( minimum 100 words ) - In Native American culture, there are many holidays and traditional festivals. Instead of a one-day celebration, Native Americans hold week-long celebrations for specific holidays. These holidays all have a common theme, often celebrating nature, the spiritual world, and ancestors. Regarding aspects of life, they also honor the sun, the rain, and crops needed to sustain life. For instance, during a new year’s celebration on December 22nd, the Soyal ceremony takes place and a ritual is conducted to welcome back the sun after winter. For many Native American holidays, the sun is celebrated as a life-giving power, physically and spiritually. They celebrate their sun god Inti during the Inti Raymi, beginning on June 21st. This celebration, as well as many others, consists of various traditions of wearing bright colors, dancing, and animal sacrifices. (word count: 132) - Aleigha Ramby - https://nativeamericanc.weebly.com/holidays--traditions.html What are the main social issues that impact your ethnic group? ( minimum 100 words ) - American Indians have faced many social issues since the discovery of America. Some of the main issues they face today include cultural appropriation, unemployment, and educational problems. Many sports teams have been using the Indian as a mascot and costumes have been made mocking the culture of Native Americans. Reservations that they have been forced to live in have led to many becoming unemployed and lacking education. In American society, they have been looked down on due to not having access to a proper education. Although the American Indian culture has many unique qualities and beautiful traditions, they have been discriminated against by Americans for many years. (word count 107) Alex Rader Native American Issues Today | Current Problems & Struggles 2023 - PowWows.com Section 2: Perspectives of healthcare within your group: What are their traditional definitions of health and illness and the health and illness beliefs of their culture? ( minimum 100 words ) You are looking for how they define each and the beliefs they hold in regard to health and illness. This can, depending on your assigned culture can include physical and spiritual approaches Revised 2/22

Native Americans define health as being in a state of total harmony with nature. Many tribes teach “interconnectedness” which means that all things lead to a relationship with man, the creator, fellow men and nature. They believe that healing, spiritual belief, power and community are connected. They use healing ceremonies to maintain Indian medicine. Native Americans defined illness as an imbalance between the spirit, mental, social, physical interactions with the one who is ill and the family/clan. Medicine to them are traditions, ceremonies, remedies and other forms of prayer are sacred. Many Native Americans use Shaman to help heal those who are ill. (word count 104) https://geriatrics.stanford.edu/wp- content/uploads/downloads/ethnomed/american_indian/downloads/american_indian.pdfaq What are some of the traditional methods of healing practiced in their culture? ( minimum 100 words ) - In Native American culture they use herbs, manipulative therapy, ceremonies, and a prayer in various combinations to prevent illness. For thousands of years they have used traditional indigenous medicine to promote the health and well-being of others. Symbolic healing, or for another term, ceremonies, play the most important rule for healing. This practice is greatly unappreciated and usually lasts up to multiple days with the patient, the family, and the community. Although, as the years go on, the younger Native Americans have been abandoning these traditions, leading to higher cases of diseases. These consequences of abandoning the traditional practices are easily seen when comparing the generations. (word count:104) Morgan Pike https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2913884/#:~:text=Herbs%2C%20manipulative %20therapies%2C%20ceremonies%2C,to%20prevent%20and%20treat%20illness.&text=For %20thousands%20of%20years%2C%20traditional,who%20once%20inhabited%20this %20continent . What are current healthcare problems experienced by people in this culture ? ( minimum 100 words ) Different ethnic groups can experience a higher incidence of certain illnesses. What is seen within your group. Indigenous (native) Americans experience elevated risk for heart disease, stroke, mental illness, diabetes, and cancer. Additionally, they have higher rates of substance abuse, teen pregnancy, liver disease, SIDS, obesity, and unintentional injuries. For the portion of the population that lives on reservations, accessing healthcare is difficult and many health issues go untreated. Limited access to vaccinations and nutritious food adds to the increased health issues - for instance, American Indians had a tuberculosis rate that was 7 times higher than that of the white American population in 2019. Many reservations contain what is known as a “food desert”, where grocery stores do not contain much fresh food, and what is available is priced exorbitantly. (Joy Morgan - word count: 113) minorityhealth.hhs.gov/american-indianalaska- native-health#:~:text=Some%20of%20the%20leading%20diseases,)%2C%20diabetes%2C %20and%20stroke. What are the traditional birthing rituals of their culture? ( minimum 100 words ) - make sure you address AT minimum each of the following: describe what you have learned about birthing Revised 2/22

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and birth, how the pregnant women are treated, are their specific things done during pregnancy, during birth, after birth. The birthing traditions of Native Americans verified from culture to culture, but prevailing themes included caution with diet and reduced activity practiced by the pregnant women. Instances of childbirth in Native cultures during the 1700s and 1800s documented by white settlers described the pregnant woman preparing a shelter and delivering the baby alone, while other accounts describe the delivery as overseen by a midwife and female family members. Women gave birth in many positions, but they almost never gave birth laying down. Men were not commonly present. Numerous rituals were practiced before and after birth; the nature of the rituals varied from community to community. In more modern times, birth is still treated as a ceremony to celebrate new life. (Joy Morgan - word count: 106) https://teachinghistory.org/history-content/ask-a-historian/24097#:~:text= Men%20were %20rarely%20allowed%20in , leaves%20placed%20beneath%20the%20mother . https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8233033/ What culture phenomena (biological variations, environmental control, social organization, communication, space, and time orientation) can impact the care provided in this culture? ( minimum 100 words ) – you must address AT LEAST TWO of these areas – definitions are found in your chapter for this lesson. The culture phenomena that can impact care provided in the Native American culture are communication and environmental control. Communication impacts the care because Native Americans believe that people who speak too fast. Native Americans take long pauses while speaking and believe cutting someone off while speaking is rude and a sign of disrespect. They believe in distance between the person that they are talking too, like a couple feet. They do not give direct eye contact to who they are speaking too and believe in minimal body movement when talking. Environmental controls impact care because any Native Americans believe in natural remedies and healing ceremonies. They are one with nature and use a shaman. (word count 114)https://geriatrics.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/downloads/ethnomed/ american_indian/downloads/american_indian.pdf Section 3: Each team member is required to do the following: Identify at least one thing learned from your research above that you believe will impact giving care AND what you as a healthcare professional will need to do to work effectively with this patient. EACH item must focus on a DIFFERENT concept. ● EACH person in your group needs to contribute at least 1 item ( ALL points need to address different concepts ), AND ● EACH point needs to be a minimum of 75 words. Revised 2/22

● One part of Native American culture is the distrust of many professionals, like doctors or other healthcare professionals. The trust between a patient and a healthcare professional is essential in order to give and receive effective care and treatments. Without trust, mistakes can be made, possibly leading to false diagnoses and further issues. In the position of a healthcare professional, I would work to build a trustworthy relationship with my patients with awareness, acknowledgment, and respect toward their culture. I would also actively listen and consider their perspective on the situation. With that, I would deliberate our views in order to provide proper care and achieve a good outcome for the best quality of life possible. - (word count: 116) - Aleigha Ramby ● One thing that I have learned while doing this project is how communication is different for Native Americans then being an American. Native Americans take long pauses when talking, the lack of eye contact and body movement, and not usually accepting of touch. They also believe in respect for their elders and the elders are the center of the family. Knowing this can help me to be conscious of who I’m working with. To not take offense if a patient is not looking directly at me and to ensure that I am respecting all of their beliefs like not touching patients if it's not necessary, keeping my body movement to a minimum so that I will not offend anyone and respecting their views on medicine. (word count 125) Jerannetta Nelson ● From my research above, I learned that Native American birthing practices involved many rituals; this might impact giving care if the patient wishes to incorporate such rituals into a clinical setting. Making the patient comfortable and respecting their wishes and culture is very important, and any measures that can safely be taken to tailor their birthing process to their wishes should be taken. All healthcare professionals on their team should be willing to adapt and honor the culture of the patient as they go through such an important and stressful experience. In addition, the healthcare providers should be prepared to let the patient guide the process; any dismissiveness should be avoided. The team should try their best to understand what is going on and how they can most effectively integrate their aid into the process while adhering to the preferred traditions of the patient. (Joy Morgan - word count: 144) ● One thing I learned while doing this project is how different Native Americans healing process is. Traditionally Native Americans use herbs, therapy, and a prayer as a source of healing. This can impact the care given to them as it does not fit their traditions. In the hospital aspect, professions use medicine and electronic care, which is against Native American traditions. As a healthcare professional taking care of Native Americans it is important that we respect their beliefs and traditions. We should adapt and honor their culture by respecting their wishes and listening to them on how they want help. Morgan Pike (word count:100) ● One thing I learned from my research on Native American cultures is how their gender roles were not specific. I feel in healthcare today many women are considered to only be nurses and men are doctors. In today's society there are many different opportunities for men and women. In American Indian culture there were no specific roles that were strictly followed by men and women. I feel that in healthcare today, patient care would be improved due to equal job opportunities. Some patients may feel more comfortable with someone they see as a friend and not as a medical person. Revised 2/22

Medical anxiety is very real and this could definitely help patient care. Alex Rader (word count 112) Revised 2/22

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Culture Presentation - Team 5 - American Indians (Native Americans)

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