W1 Quiz (1)-1

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Grantham University *

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310

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Anthropology

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Dec 6, 2023

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1.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: the view that specific cultural practices, values, beliefs, and symbols must be understood within the larger historical and social context of the group being studied—and not judged by the standards of the outsider’s cultural worldview. a. Cultural Relativism b. Ethnocentrism c. Ethnographic methods d. Participant observation 2.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: the tendency or inclination to use one’s own worldview and cultural practices as the measure against which to judge people who live in different cultural worlds. a. Cultural adaptation b. Cultural Relativism c. Ethnocentrism d. Social evolutionary theory 3.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: research tools used in the description and analysis of cultural groups. a. Ethnographic methods b. Participant observation c. Cultural adaptation d. Semi-structured interview 4.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: the experience and process by which a researcher engages in observations of the people with whom he or she lives and studies. a. Informed consent b. Semi-structured interview c. Participant observation d. Ethnographic methods 5.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: a nineteenth-century theory, based on Darwin’s theory of biological evolution, that established a universal hierarchy of human groups by which all peoples were ranked, setting European peoples and cultures at the top and non-white people and cultures at lower levels. a. Social evolutionary theory b. Cultural adaptation c. Cultural Relativism d. Ethnocentrism

6.According to the textbook, which one of the anthropologists below matches the following description: The anthropologist who challenged current assumptions regarding the study and interpretation of culture which were based on ignorance and stereotypes. a. Elsie Clews Parsons b. Franz Boas c. Frank Cushing d. Matilda Coxe Stevenson 7.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: processes of change, including blending, borrowing, or forced assimilation, that result from contact with other cultural groups, for instance, through trade, migration, or conquest. a. Cultural holism b. Cultural adaptation c. Functionalism d. Structural-functionalism 8.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: an approach to culture in which all customs or practices of a cultural group are viewed and understood as part of or in relation to the whole culture. a. Cultural adaptation b. Cultural Relativism c. Ethnocentrism d. Cultural holism 9.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: the theory that people organize their behaviors and customs to meet the basic needs of human existence. a. Social evolutionary theory b. Ethnocentrism c. Functionalism d. Cultural adaptation 10.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: the theory that customs, roles, and practices function to support cultural institutions—and not individual human needs. a. Structural-functionalism b. Functionalism c. Cultural Relativism d. Cultural holism

11.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: an interview format consisting of fixed and open-ended questions that allow the interviewer to learn from the interviewee and add and edit questions over time. a. Semi-structured interview b. Ethnographic methods c. Informed consent d. Key informant interview 12.According to the textbook, which one of the terms below matches the following definition: the ethical requirement that anthropologists must advise the individuals and communities that they propose to study concerning their research goals and methods as well as the potential uses and circulation of the information they collect in order to gain their consent. Research cannot be conducted without informed consent. a. Code of Ethics b. Ethnographic methods c. Informed consent d. Semi-structured interview 13.Using your own words and complete sentences, please address the question below. In what ways do the methods anthropologists employ during fieldwork help shape their cultural relativism? Identify three specific methods and practices that you think are most important in shaping cultural relativism. Answer1 Fieldwork is one of the fundamental tools used by anthropologists and is the reason for this science. Field work is what allows them to come into direct contact with the populations they study, and it is what allows them to try to understand the visions of others that they want to understand. This fieldwork is essential for anthropologists because it helps them to mold their cultural relativism into judging another culture according to their criteria and not the criteria of the anthropologist. I believe that ethnographic methods and the participant observation, description, and analysis of cultural groups are the most important methods and practices for shaping cultural relativism. Answer 2 I would say that fieldwork is the essential, necessary and fundamental tool that every anthropologist must use, and it is the reason for this science. Fieldwork is what allows them to come into direct contact with the populations they study or people, and it is what allows them to try to understand the opinions of others who want to understand that environment. This fieldwork is essential for anthropologists because it helps them shape their cultural relativism to judge another culture by their criteria and not by the anthropologist who is studying them. I believe that ethnographic methods, participant observation, and cultural relativism, description

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and analysis of cultural groups are the most important methods and practices in shaping cultural relativism. What I mean is that you must live it and experience it to get a real perspective.

W1 Quiz (1)-1

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