3.2 - Theoretical Perspectives - Culture

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Indiana Wesleyan University, Marion *

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SOC 482-01

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Anthropology

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Feb 20, 2024

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HBSEII Theoretical Perspectives: Culture and Diversity INSTRUCTIONS:  Complete each section of the chart.  In the application section, give an example of how each theory might be used to understand the experiences of specific client system.  Citations are required for quotes, and/or if you have used other sources beyond your textbook. However, for the purpose of this assignment, summaries and paraphrases from your textbook do not need to be cited. (Refer back to Last week’s Ecological Systems Theory example for assistance) Social Identity Theory (See pages 136-137 in Hutchison Chapter 5) Major Theorist(s) Henri Tajfel Summary of Focus and Main Concepts "The process by which we come to identify with some social groups and develop a sense of difference from others." (Hutchison, 2019, pg. 137) Can be an affirming process that provides us with a lifelong sense of belonging and support. Example of Application to Social Work Practice with a Client System It is important as a social worker to have a social identity that is close to someone experiencing hardship could help to create a bond that promotes a closer working relationship. Symbolic and Interpretive Anthropology (Representing the Mentalist Perspective, see Chapter 8 and supplemental material) Major Theorist(s) Clifford Geertz, Victor Turner, and David Schneider Summary of Focus and Main Concepts "Sees humans creating maintaining, and changing culture on the basis of their beliefs, values, language, and symbolic representation." (Hutchison, 2018, pg.234) Example of Application Being willing to ask and accept help from other cultures different to yours due to the ever-changing

to Social Work Practice with a Client System social perspective. Critical Perspective and Critical Race Theory (See supplemental material) Major Theorist(s) Richard Delgado Summary of Focus and Main Concepts Critical race theorists are generally dedicated to applying their understanding of structural nature of racism to the concrete goal of eliminating all race-based and other unjust hierarchies. Race is not a natural, biologically based characteristic of physically distinct subgroups of humans but rather a socially constructed category that is used to oppress and exploit people of color. https://www.britannica.com/topic/critical-race-theory Example of Application to Social Work Practice with a Client System Empowering equality over discrimination disregarding race differences. This is important as a social worker because of our stance for our clients. Intersectionality Theory Major Theorist(s) Kimberle' Crenshaw Summary of Focus and Main Concepts Multiple identities that make us who we are. Explains privileges and oppression together. Example of Application to Social Work Practice with a Client System As a social worker, you must have the knowledge that others are discriminated against, and we decided to change or stop that behavior. Terms and Concepts: (Provide a Description of Each)

Ethnocentrism The belief that one's own cultural ways of life is normal, natural, and even superior to other cultural ways of life; other cultures are judged by one’s own culture. D: Someone who is Christian does not understand why someone would be of another religion. Cultural Relativism A position that calls for suspending judgement of other people’s cultural values and practices in order to understand them in their own cultural context through the eyes of their own members, avoiding judging one culture by the standards of another culture. D: Having your mind open to other cultures without any disregard to yours or theirs. Assimilation The process of managing cultural diversity whereby minority groups and new immigrants are expected to adopt the patterns and norms of the mainstream culture and cease to exist as a separate group. D: The belief that anyone who moves where American culture is the norm, they must assimilate into that culture. Accommodation Process of partial or selective cultural change in which members of nondominant groups follow norms, rules, and standards of the dominant culture only in specific circumstances and contexts. D: A person who chooses to fit in by taking on American cultures but also still practices their own cultural standards. Acculturation A process of changing one's culture by incorporating elements of another culture; a mutual sharing Culture. D: Multicultural backgrounds, someone who has more than one. Bicultural Socialization Process whereby members of non-majority groups master both the dominant culture and their own culture. D: A person of a different culture who wants to fit in, learns the culture around them but still practices their own culture. Xenophobia Fear and hatred of strangers or foreigners or of anything that’s strange or foreign. D: Most shooters (especially ones targeting gays) have this phobia. Microaggressions An unconscious prejudiced attitude targeting a minority or someone of a small group. D: People who have a bias and use their power to try to right the actions they have towards others. Hegemony The ability of a dominant group to obtain consent and agreement to cultural values and norms without the use or threat of force. D: Christianity is a good example.

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References Hutchison, E. D. (2018). Dimensions of Human Behavior (6th ed.). Sage Publications https://www.britannica.com/topic/critical-race-theory

3.2 - Theoretical Perspectives - Culture

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