WK 2 Discussion
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School
American Military University *
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Course
304
Subject
Anatomy
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
2
Uploaded by bianca6506
Upon viewing the video on the Anatomy and Physiology of Hearing (the link can
be found in Content - Week Two), describe the structure of the ear, focusing on
the role that each component plays in transmitting the vibrations that enter the
outer ear to the auditory receptors in the inner ear. Then, discuss the basic
difference between determining the location of a sound source in the brain and
determining the location of the visual object in the brain. Lastly, discuss the
somewhat surprising outcome of research on hearing loss in urban versus rural
environments, and the physiological explanation behind it.
Support your belief
and use specific examples.
Good evening professor and fellow classmates.
The ear is divided into three sections: external ear, middle ear, and inner ear. The
outer ear consists of the auricle, external acoustic meatus, hair, ceruminous
glands, and tympanic membrane. The middle ear has a tympanic cavity, auditory
tube, auditory ossicles, and tympanic muscles. The inner ear consists of the
cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals. The sound floats through all three ear
sections, beginning with the tympanic membrane and ending with the temporal
lobe. Once sound waves enter the tympanic membrane, they are transmitted
through the auditory ossicles to the cochlea. These auditory ossicles serve as
auditory amplifiers by vibrating. Low-frequency sounds have more prolonged
vibrations, whereas high-frequency sounds have shorter, more frequent
vibrations. Once sounds enter through the tympanic membrane, they vibrate
through the ossicles. Those vibrations travel over the scala vestibuli, which in
turn vibrates the basilar membrane below the hair cells that transmit those
vibrations to the cochlea. The movement of those hair cells dictates the hearing
sensation by carrying that noise to the cochlear nerve fibers into the temporal
lobe. The temporal lobe is responsible for auditory processing in the brain. The
occipital lobe is responsible for visual processing in the brain. The temporal and
occipital lobes go through their data processing and simultaneously draw on the
memory bank to recall previous experiences associated with the sound of the
object making the noise and the components making it. The difference between
our auditory and visual processing is auditory allows us to hear where the sound
is coming from, and visual allows us to see the complete picture of where sound
is coming from. Lastly, the outcome for hearing loss in urban versus rural
environments wasn’t astonishing to me, given those in rural environments are
typically those who live below the poverty line and have limited access to
hearing specialists. The hearing loss could result from the auditory ossicles
hitting the cochlea too hard due to being overexposed to thunderous noises.
Reference
3031, S. of P., & Olman, Dr. C. (2022, January 1).
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
.
Introduction to Sensation and Perception.
https://pressbooks.umn.edu/sensationandperception/chapter/sensorineural-
hearing-loss-draft/
Chan, S., Hixon, B., Adkins, M., Shinn, J. B., & Bush, M. L. (2017). Rurality and
determinants of hearing healthcare in adult hearing aid recipients.
The
Laryngoscope
,
127
(10), 2362–2367. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.26490
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