Solutions for PRINCIPLES OF MODERN CHEMISTRY
Problem 1P:
Before the element scandium was discovered in 1879, it was known as “eka-boron.” Predict the...Problem 6P:
A gold nucleus is located at the origin of coordinates, and an electron is brought to a position 3 2...Problem 8P:
A gold nucleus is located at the origin of coordinates, and a helium nucleus initially at the...Problem 11P:
Use the data in Table 3.1 to plot the logarithm of ionization energy versus the number of electrons...Problem 12P:
Use the data in Table 3.1 to plot the logarithm of ionization energy versus the number of electrons...Problem 19P:
HF has equilibrium bond length of 0.926 A and bond dissociation energy of 565kJmol1 . Compare the...Problem 21P:
For each of the following atoms or ions, state the total number of electrons, the number of valence...Problem 23P:
Use the data in Figure 3.11 and Table 3.2 to calculate the energy changes (E) for the following...Problem 24P:
Use the data in Figure 3.11 and Table 3.2 to calculate the energy changes (E) for the following...Problem 26P:
In a gaseous RbF molecule, the bond length is 2.2741010m . Using data from Appendix F and making the...Problem 27P:
The bond lengths of the XH bonds in NH3,PH3 , and SbH3 are 1.02, 1.42, and 1.71 Å, respectively....Problem 28P:
Arrange the following covalent diatomic molecules in order of the lengths of the bonds: BrCl, ClF,...Problem 29P:
The bond length in HI(1.62) is close to the sum of the atomic radii of H (0.37 Å) and I (1.33 Å)....Problem 31P:
Use electronegativity values to arrange the following bonds in order of decreasing polarity:...Problem 32P:
Use electronegativity values to rank the bonds in the following compounds from least ionic to most...Problem 36P:
Estimate the percent ionic character of the bond in each of the following species. All the species...Problem 37P:
The percent ionic character of a bond can be approximated by the formula 16+3.52 , where is the...Problem 38P:
The percent ionic character of the bonds in several interhalogen Molecules (as estimated from their...Problem 39P:
Assign formal charges to all atoms in the following Lewis diagrams. (a) SO42 (b) S2O32 (c) SbF3 (d)...Problem 40P:
Assign formal charges to all atoms in the following Lewis diagrams. (a) ClO4 (b) yu SO2 (c) y BrO2...Problem 41P:
Determine the formal charges on all the atoms in the following Lewis diagrams. Which one would best...Problem 42P:
the formal charges on all the atoms in the following Lewis diagrams. Which one would best represent...Problem 44P:
In each of the following Lewis diagrams, Z represents a main-group element. Name the group to which...Problem 45P:
Draw Lewis electron dot diagrams for the following species: (a) AsH3 ; (b) HOCl; (c) KrF+ ; (d)...Problem 48P:
Acetic acid is the active ingredient of vinegar. Its chemical formula is CH3COOH , and the second...Problem 49P:
Under certain conditions, the stable form of sulfur consists of rings of eight sulfur atoms. Draw...Problem 50P:
White phosphorus (P4) consists of four phosphorus atoms arranged at the corners of a tetrahedron....Problem 51P:
Draw Lewis electron dot diagrams for the following species, indicating formal charges and resonance...Problem 52P:
Draw Lewis electron dot diagrams for the following species, indicating formal charges and resonance...Problem 53P:
Draw Lewis diagrams for the two resonance forms of the nitrite ion, NO2 . In what range do you...Problem 54P:
Draw Lewis diagrams for the three resonance forms of the carbonate ion, CO32- . In what range do you...Problem 55P:
Methyl isocyanate, which was involved in the disaster in Bhopal, India, in 1984, has the chemical...Problem 57P:
Draw Lewis diagrams for the following compounds. In the formula the symbol of the central atom is...Problem 58P:
Draw Lewis diagrams for the following ions. In the formula the symbol of the central atom is given...Problem 61P:
For each of the following molecules or molecular ions, give the steric number, sketch and name the...Problem 62P:
For each of the following molecules or molecular ions, give the steric number, sketch and name the...Problem 63P:
Give an example of a molecule or ion having a formula of each of the following types and structures....Problem 64P:
Give an example of a molecule or ion having a formula of each of the following types and structures....Problem 68P:
Mixing SbCl3 and GaCl3 in a 1:1 molar ratio (using liquid sulfur dioxide as a solvent) gives a solid...Problem 69P:
(a) Use the VSEPR theory to predict the structure of the NNO molecule. (b) The substance NNO has a...Problem 70P:
Ozone (O3) has a nonzero dipole moment. In the molecule of O3 , one of the oxygen atoms is directly...Problem 87AP:
At large interatomic separations, an alkali halide molecule MX has a lower energy as two neutral...Problem 90AP:
Two possible Lewis diagrams for sulfine (H2CSO) are (a) Compute the formal charges on all atoms. (b)...Problem 91AP:
There is persuasive evidence for the brief existence of the unstable molecule OPCl. (a) Draw a Lewis...Problem 92AP:
The compound SF3N has been synthesized. (a) Draw the Lewis diagram of this molecule, supposing that...Problem 94AP:
The molecular ion S3N3 has the cyclic structure All SN bonds are equivalent. (a) Give six...Problem 99AP:
A stable triatomic molecule can be formed that contains one atom each of nitrogen, sulfur, and...Problem 100AP:
The gaseous potassium chloride molecule has a measured dipole moment of 10.3 D, which indicates that...Problem 101AP:
(a) Predict the geometry of the SbCl52 ion, using the VSEPR method. (b) The ion SbCl63 is prepared...Problem 103AP:
Predict the arrangement of the atoms about the sulfur atom in F4SPO , assuming that double-bonded...Problem 109AP:
(a) Determine the oxidation number of lead in each of the following oxides: PbO,PbO2,Pb2O3,Pb3O4 ....Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - The Atom In Modern ChemistryChapter 2 - Chemical Formulas, Equations, And Reaction YieldsChapter 3 - Atomic Shells And Classical Models Of Chemical BondingChapter 4 - Introduction To Quantum MechanicsChapter 5 - Quantum Mechanics And Atomic StructureChapter 6 - Quantum Mechanics And Molecular StructureChapter 7 - Bonding In Organic MoleculesChapter 8 - Bonding In Transition Metal Compounds And Coordination ComplexesChapter 9 - The Gaseous StateChapter 10 - Solids, Liquids, And Phase Transitions
Chapter 11 - SolutionsChapter 12 - Thermodynamic Processes And ThermochemistryChapter 13 - Spontaneous Processes And Thermodynamic EquilibriumChapter 14 - Chemical EquilibriumChapter 15 - Acid–base EquilibriaChapter 16 - Solubility And Precipitation EquilibriaChapter 17 - ElectrochemistryChapter 18 - Chemical KineticsChapter 19 - Nuclear ChemistryChapter 20 - Molecular Spectroscopy And PhotochemistryChapter 21 - Structure And Bonding In SolidsChapter 22 - Inorganic MaterialsChapter 23 - Polymeric Materials And Soft Condensed MatterChapter A - Scientific Notation And Experimental Error
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