Chemistry Atoms First2e2nd EditionOpenStax Publisher: OpenStax CollegeISBN: 9781947172647
Chemistry Atoms First2e
Solutions for Chemistry Atoms First2e
Problem 1E:
In terms of their bulk properties, how do liquids and solids differ? How are they similar?Problem 2E:
In terms of the kinetic molecular theory, in what ways are liquids similar to solids? In what ways...Problem 3E:
In terms of the kinetic molecular theory, in what ways are liquids similar to gases? In what ways...Problem 4E:
Explain why liquids assume the shape of any container into which they are poured, whereas solids are...Problem 5E:
What is the evidence that all neutral atoms and molecules exert attractive forces on each other?Problem 6E:
Open the PhET States of Matter Simulation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16phetvisual) to answer the...Problem 7E:
Define the following and give an example of each: (a) dispersion force (b) dipole-dipole attraction...Problem 8E:
The types of intermolecular forces in a substance are identical whether it is a solid, a liquid, or...Problem 10E:
Neon and HF have approximately the same molecular masses. (a) Explain why the boiling points of Neon...Problem 11E:
Arrange each of the following sets of compounds in order of increasing boiling point temperature:...Problem 12E:
The molecular mass of butanol, C4H9OH, is 74.14; that of ethylene glycol, CH2(OH)CH2OH, is 62.08,...Problem 13E:
On the basis of intermolecular attractions, explain the differences in the boiling points of n...Problem 14E:
On the basis of dipole moments and/or hydrogen bonding, explain in a qualitative way the differences...Problem 15E:
The melting point of H2O(s) is O C. Would you expect the melting point of H2S(s) to be 85 C, O C, or...Problem 16E:
Silane SiH4, phosphine (PH3), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) melt at 185 C, 133 C, and 85 C,...Problem 17E:
Explain why a hydrogen bond between two water molecules is weaker than a hydrogen bond between two...Problem 18E:
Under certain conditions, molecules of acetic acid, CH3COOH, form dimers, pairs of acetic acid...Problem 19E:
Proteins are chains of amino acids that can form in a variety of arrangements, one of which is a...Problem 20E:
The density of liquid NH3 is 0.64 g/mL; the density of gaseous NH3 at STP is 0.0007 g/mL. Explain...Problem 21E:
Identify the intermolecular forces present in the following solids: (a) CH3CH2OH (b) CH3CH2CH3 (c)...Problem 22E:
The test tubes shown here contain equal amounts of the specified motor oils. Identical metal spheres...Problem 23E:
Although steel is denser than water, a steel needle or paper clip placed carefully lengthwise on the...Problem 24E:
The surface tension and viscosity values for diethyl ether, acetone, ethanol, and ethylene glycol...Problem 25E:
You may have heard someone use the figure of speech slower than molasses in winter to describe a...Problem 26E:
It is often recommended that you let your car engine run idle to warm up before driving, especially...Problem 27E:
The surface tension and viscosity of water at several different temperatures are given in this...Problem 28E:
At 25 C, how high will water rise in a glass capillary tube with an inner diameter of 0.63 mm? Refer...Problem 29E:
Water rises in a glass capillary tube to a height of 17 cm. What is the diameter of the capillary...Problem 30E:
Heat is added to boiling water. Explain why the temperature of the boiling water does not change....Problem 31E:
Heat is added to ice at 0 C. Explain why the temperature of the ice does not change. What does...Problem 32E:
What feature characterizes the dynamic equilibrium between a liquid and its vapor in a closed...Problem 33E:
Identify two common observations indicating some liquids have sufficient vapor pressures to...Problem 34E:
Identify two common observations indicating some solids, such as dry ice and mothballs, have vapor...Problem 35E:
What is the relationship between the intermolecular forces in a liquid and its vapor pressure?Problem 36E:
What is the relationship between the intermolecular forces in a solid and its melting temperature?Problem 38E:
Carbon tetrachloride, CCl4, was once used as a dry cleaning solvent, but is no longer used because...Problem 41E:
Use the information in Figure 10.24 to estimate the boiling point of water in Denver when the...Problem 42E:
A syringe at a temperature of 20 C is filled with liquid ether in such a way that there is no space...Problem 43E:
Explain the following observations: (a) It takes longer to cook an egg in Ft. Davis, Texas...Problem 44E:
The enthalpy of vaporization of water is larger than its enthalpy of fusion. Explain why.Problem 45E:
Explain why the molar enthalpies of vaporization of the following substances increase in the order...Problem 46E:
Explain why the enthalpies of vaporization of the following substances increase in the order...Problem 47E:
The enthalpy of vaporization of CO2(l) is 9.8 kJ/mol. Would you expect the enthalpy of vaporization...Problem 48E:
The hydrogen fluoride molecule, HF, is more polar than a water molecule, H2O (for example, has a...Problem 49E:
Ethyl chloride (boiling point, 13 C) is used as a local anesthetic. When the liquid is sprayed on...Problem 50E:
Which contains the compounds listed correctly in order of increasing boiling points? (a) N2CS2H2OKCl...Problem 51E:
How much heat is required to convert 422 g of liquid H2O at 23.5 C into steam at 150 C?Problem 52E:
Evaporation of sweat requires energy and thus take excess heat away from the body. Some of the water...Problem 53E:
Titanium tetrachloride, TiCl4, has a melting point of 23.2 C and has a Hfusion=9.37 kJ/mol. (a) How...Problem 54E:
From the phase diagram for water (Figure 10.31), determine the state of water at: (a) 35 °C and 85...Problem 55E:
What phase changes will take place when water is subjected to varying pressure at a constant...Problem 56E:
Pressure cookers allow food to cook faster because the higher pressure inside the pressure cooker...Problem 57E:
From the phase diagram for carbon dioxide in Figure 10.34, determine the state of CO2 at: (a) 20 °C...Problem 58E:
Determine the phase changes that carbon dioxide undergoes as pressure is increased at a constant...Problem 59E:
Consider a cylinder containing a mixture of liquid carbon dioxide in equilibrium with gaseous carbon...Problem 60E:
Dry ice, CO2(s) , does not melt at atmospheric pressure. It sublimes at a temperature of 78 °C. What...Problem 61E:
If a severe storm results in the loss of electricity, it may be necessary to use a clothesline to...Problem 62E:
Is it possible to liquefy nitrogen at room temperature (about 25 C)? Is it possible to liquefy...Problem 63E:
Elemental carbon has one gas phase, one liquid phase, and two different solid phases, as shown in...Problem 65E:
At very low temperatures oxygen, O2, freezes and forms a crystalline solid. Which best describes...Problem 66E:
As it cools, olive oil slowly solidifies and forms a solid over a range of temperatures. Which best...Problem 67E:
Explain why ice, which is a crystalline solid, has a melting temperature of 0C, whereas butter,...Problem 68E:
Identify the type of crystalline solid (metallic, network covalent, ionic, or molecular) formed by...Problem 69E:
Identify the type of crystalline solid (metallic, network covalent, ionic, or molecular) formed by...Problem 70E:
Classify each substance in the table as either a metallic, ionic, molecular, or covalent network...Problem 71E:
Classify each substance in the table as either a metallic, ionic, molecular, or covalent network...Problem 72E:
Identify the following substances as ionic, metallic, covalent network, or molecular solids:...Problem 73E:
Substance A is shiny, conducts electricity well, and melts at 975 C. Substance A is likely a(n): (a)...Problem 74E:
Substance B is hard, does not conduct electricity, and melts at 1200 C. Substance B is likely a(n):...Problem 75E:
Describe the crystal structure of iron, which crystallizes with two equivalent metal atoms in a...Problem 76E:
Describe the crystal structure of Pt, which crystallizes with four equivalent metal atoms in a cubic...Problem 77E:
What is the coordination number of a chromium atom in the body-centered cubic structure of chromium?Problem 78E:
What is the coordination number of an aluminum atom in the facecentered cubic structure of aluminum?Problem 79E:
Cobalt metal crystallizes in a hexagonal closest packed structure. What is the coordination number...Problem 80E:
Nickel metal crystallizes in a cubic closest packed structure. What is the coordination number of a...Problem 81E:
Tungsten crystallizes in a body-centered cubic unit cell with an edge length of 3.165 . (a) What is...Problem 82E:
Platinum (atomic radius =1.38) crystallizes in a cubic closely packed structure. Calculate the edge...Problem 83E:
Barium crystallizes in a body-centered cubic unit cell with an edge length of 3.025 (a) What is the...Problem 84E:
Aluminum (atomic radius = 1.43 ) crystallizes in a cubic closely packed structure. Calculate the...Problem 85E:
The density of aluminum is 2.7 g/cm3; that of silicon is 2.3 g/cm3. Explain why Si has the lower...Problem 86E:
The free space in a metal may be found by subtracting the volume of the atoms in a unit cell from...Problem 87E:
Cadmium sulfide, sometimes used as a yellow pigment by artists, crystallizes with cadmium, occupying...Problem 88E:
A compound of cadmium, tin, and phosphorus is used in the fabrication of some semiconductors. It...Problem 89E:
What is the formula of the magnetic oxide of cobalt, used in recording tapes, that crystallizes with...Problem 90E:
A compound containing zinc, aluminum, and sulfur crystallizes with a closest-packed array of sulfide...Problem 91E:
A compound of thallium and iodine crystallizes in a simple cubic array of iodide ions with thallium...Problem 92E:
Which of the following elements reacts with sulfur to form a solid in which the sulfur atoms form a...Problem 93E:
What is the percent by mass of titanium in rutile, a mineral that contains titanium and oxygen, if...Problem 94E:
Explain why the chemically similar alkali metal chlorides NaCl and CsCl have different structures,...Problem 95E:
As minerals were formed from the molten magma, different ions occupied the same cites in the...Problem 96E:
Rubidium iodide crystallizes with a cubic unit cell that contains iodide ions at the corners and a...Problem 97E:
One of the various manganese oxides crystallizes with a cubic unit cell that contains manganese ions...Problem 98E:
NaH crystallizes with the same ciystal structure as NaCl. The edge length of the cubic unit cell of...Problem 99E:
Thallium(I) iodide crystallizes with the same structure a CsCl. The edge length of the Unit cell of...Problem 100E:
A cubic unit cell contains manganese ions at the corners and fluoride ions at the center of each...Problem 101E:
What is the spacing between crystal planes that diffract X-rays with a wavelength of 1.541 nm at an...Problem 102E:
A diffracrometer using X-rays with a wavelength of 0.2287 nm produced first-order diffraction peak...Problem 103E:
A metal with spacing between planes equal to 0.4164 nm diffracts X-rays with a wavelength of 0.2879...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - Essential IdeasChapter 2 - Atoms, Molecules, And IonsChapter 3 - Electronic Structure And Periodic Properties Of ElementsChapter 4 - Chemical Bonding And Molecular GeometryChapter 5 - Advanced Theories Of BondingChapter 6 - Composition Of Substances And SolutionsChapter 7 - Stoichiometry Of Chemical ReactionsChapter 8 - GasesChapter 9 - ThermochemistryChapter 10 - Liquids And Solids
Chapter 11 - Solutions And ColloidsChapter 12 - ThermodynamicsChapter 13 - Fundamental Equilibrium ConceptsChapter 14 - Acid-base EquilibriaChapter 15 - Equilibria Of Other Reaction ClassesChapter 16 - ElectrochemistryChapter 17 - KineticsChapter 18 - Representative Metals, Metalloids, And NonmetalsChapter 19 - Transition Metals And Coordination ChemistryChapter 20 - Nuclear ChemistryChapter 21 - Organic Chemistry
Sample Solutions for this Textbook
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More Editions of This Book
Corresponding editions of this textbook are also available below:
CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781947172180
Chemistry: Atoms First
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781630182151
Chemistry: Atoms First
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168154
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