Chemistry Atoms First2e
Chemistry Atoms First2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172647
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 21, Problem 1E

Write the chemical formula and Lewis structure of the following each of which contains five carbon atoms:

(a) an alkane.

(b) an alkene.

(c) an alkyne

a)

Expert Solution
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Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula and Lewis structure of an alkane with five carbon atoms are to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

The completely saturated hydrocarbon is known as an alkane.

The general molecular formula of alkane is CnH2n+2 where n represents the number of carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 1E

Chemical formula: C5H12

Lewis structure:

  Chemistry Atoms First2e, Chapter 21, Problem 1E , additional homework tip  1

Pentane

Explanation of Solution

The general formula of alkane is CnH2n+2

In case of five carbon atoms, the molecular formula of alkane is C5H(5×2)+2 = C5H12

  • Lewis structures are the diagrams that show the bonding between the atoms of the molecules and existing lone pairs of electrons.
  • Bonding electrons are those electrons which are shared between the atoms resulting in the formation of bond.
  • Non-bonding electrons are the valence electrons of the atom which are not shared with another atom.
  • Number of valence electrons in a carbon atom = 4

    Number of valence electrons in a hydrogen atom = 1

    Total number of valence electrons = (4×5)+(12×1)

                 = 32

    Thus, Lewis structure of alkane having five carbon atoms is:

      Chemistry Atoms First2e, Chapter 21, Problem 1E , additional homework tip  2 Or, Chemistry Atoms First2e, Chapter 21, Problem 1E , additional homework tip  3

b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula and Lewis structure of an alkene with five carbon atoms are to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

The unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more double bond is known as an alkene.

The general molecular formula of alkene is CnH2n where n represents the number of carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 1E

Chemical formula: C5H10

Lewis structure:

  Chemistry Atoms First2e, Chapter 21, Problem 1E , additional homework tip  4

Explanation of Solution

The general formula of alkene is CnH2n

In case of five carbon atoms, the molecular formula of alkene is C5H(5×2) = C5H10

  • Lewis structures are the diagrams that show the bonding between the atoms of the molecules and existing lone pairs of electrons.
  • Bonding electrons are those electrons which are shared between the atoms resulting in the formation of bond.
  • Non-bonding electrons are the valence electrons of the atom which are not shared with another atom.
  • Number of valence electrons in a carbon atom = 4

    Number of valence electrons in a hydrogen atom = 1

    Total number of valence electrons = (4×5)+(10×1)

               = 30

    Thus, Lewis structure of alkene having five carbon atoms is:

      Chemistry Atoms First2e, Chapter 21, Problem 1E , additional homework tip  5Or, Chemistry Atoms First2e, Chapter 21, Problem 1E , additional homework tip  6

c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula and Lewis structure of an alkyne with five carbon atoms are to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms.Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

The unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more triple bond is known as an alkyne.

The general molecular formula of alkyne is CnH2n2 where n represents the number of carbon atoms.

Answer to Problem 1E

Chemical formula: C5H8

Lewis structure:

  Chemistry Atoms First2e, Chapter 21, Problem 1E , additional homework tip  7

Explanation of Solution

The general formula of alkyne is CnH2n-2

In case of five carbon atoms, the molecular formula of alkyne is C5H(5×2)2 = C5H8

  • Lewis structures are the diagrams that show the bonding between the atoms of the molecules and existing lone pairs of electrons.
  • Bonding electrons are those electrons which are shared between the atoms resulting in the formation of bond.
  • Non-bonding electrons are the valence electrons of the atom which are not shared with another atom.
  • Number of valence electrons in a carbon atom = 4

    Number of valence electrons in a hydrogen atom = 1

    Total number of valence electrons = (4×5)+(8×1)

               = 28

    Thus, Lewis structure of alkyne having five carbon atoms is:

      Chemistry Atoms First2e, Chapter 21, Problem 1E , additional homework tip  8 Or, Chemistry Atoms First2e, Chapter 21, Problem 1E , additional homework tip  9

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Chapter 21 Solutions

Chemistry Atoms First2e

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