Concept explainers
Write the chemical formula and Lewis structure of the following each of which contains five carbon atoms:
(a) an
(b) an
(c) an
a)
Interpretation:
The chemical formula and Lewis structure of an alkane with five carbon atoms are to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.
The completely saturated hydrocarbon is known as an alkane.
The general molecular formula of alkane is
Answer to Problem 1E
Chemical formula:
Lewis structure:
Pentane
Explanation of Solution
The general formula of alkane is
In case of five carbon atoms, the molecular formula of alkane is
- Lewis structures are the diagrams that show the bonding between the atoms of the molecules and existing lone pairs of electrons.
- Bonding electrons are those electrons which are shared between the atoms resulting in the formation of bond.
- Non-bonding electrons are the valence electrons of the atom which are not shared with another atom.
Number of valence electrons in a carbon atom = 4
Number of valence electrons in a hydrogen atom = 1
Total number of valence electrons =
= 32
Thus, Lewis structure of alkane having five carbon atoms is:
Or,
b)
Interpretation:
The chemical formula and Lewis structure of an alkene with five carbon atoms are to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.
The unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more double bond is known as an alkene.
The general molecular formula of alkene is
Answer to Problem 1E
Chemical formula:
Lewis structure:
Explanation of Solution
The general formula of alkene is
In case of five carbon atoms, the molecular formula of alkene is
- Lewis structures are the diagrams that show the bonding between the atoms of the molecules and existing lone pairs of electrons.
- Bonding electrons are those electrons which are shared between the atoms resulting in the formation of bond.
- Non-bonding electrons are the valence electrons of the atom which are not shared with another atom.
Number of valence electrons in a carbon atom = 4
Number of valence electrons in a hydrogen atom = 1
Total number of valence electrons =
= 30
Thus, Lewis structure of alkene having five carbon atoms is:
Or,
c)
Interpretation:
The chemical formula and Lewis structure of an alkyne with five carbon atoms are to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms.Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.
The unsaturated hydrocarbon with one or more triple bond is known as an alkyne.
The general molecular formula of alkyne is
Answer to Problem 1E
Chemical formula:
Lewis structure:
Explanation of Solution
The general formula of alkyne is
In case of five carbon atoms, the molecular formula of alkyne is
- Lewis structures are the diagrams that show the bonding between the atoms of the molecules and existing lone pairs of electrons.
- Bonding electrons are those electrons which are shared between the atoms resulting in the formation of bond.
- Non-bonding electrons are the valence electrons of the atom which are not shared with another atom.
Number of valence electrons in a carbon atom = 4
Number of valence electrons in a hydrogen atom = 1
Total number of valence electrons =
= 28
Thus, Lewis structure of alkyne having five carbon atoms is:
Or,
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry Atoms First2e
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
College Physics
Chemistry: The Central Science (14th Edition)
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
Chemistry: A Molecular Approach
Introductory Chemistry (5th Edition) (Standalone Book)
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (3rd Edition)
- Give the IUPAC names of structures containing two carbon atoms for the following classes of compounds: (a) alkene: (b) alkyne: (c) alkyl halide: d) alcohol:arrow_forwardAlcohols A, B, and C all have the composition C4H10O. Molecules of alcohol A contain a branched carbon chain and can be oxidized to an aldehyde; molecules of alcohol B contain a linear carbon chain and can be oxidizedto a ketone; and molecules of alcohol C can be oxidized to neither an aldehyde nor a ketone. Write the Lewis structures of these molecules.arrow_forwardAn organic compounds having molecular formula C5H2O, which of the following is correct for this compound: O can be aldehyde and ketone O can be alcohol and aldehyde O can be alcohol and ether O can be ether and ketonearrow_forward
- Classify each of the following hydrocarbons as alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes.(a) C6H14 (b) C3H4 (c) C9H18arrow_forwardIdentify the class of organic substance for each of the following molecules (a) CH3―CH2―OH (b) H3C―CH3 (c) H3C―O―CH3arrow_forwardA student added bromine solution to a hydrocarbon sample that contained an isomer of C6H12 (E) in the absence of light. After shaking the sample, the student noticed that the colour of the bromine solution changed from orange to colourless. Use the following information to answer the question 6. An interpretation that could be made from the student's observations is that the hydrocarbon sample isi and the IUPAC name of the sample could be ii . The statement above is completed by the information in row: i saturated saturated unsaturated unsaturated Row A B C D wer (2 marks) ii hex-2-ene cyclopentane hex-2-ene cyclopentane 0arrow_forward
- Write the structures for all the isomers of the –C5H11 alkyl group.arrow_forwardYou are teaching a class in organic chemistry to grade 12 students. Outline the differences in 3 physical properties between alkanes, alcohols, and carboxylic acids. Note: they all have the same hydrocarbon length.arrow_forwardGive the structural, abbreviated structural and skeletal formulas for the linear hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C4H10. You should either use the 'Building organic molecules' tool in Activity 1.1 of Topic 9 to draw the structural formula of the compound, or take a photograph of a hand-drawn structural formula that you have produced.arrow_forward
- Write structures for the three isomers of the aromatic hydrocarbon xylene, C6H4(CH3)2.arrow_forwardWhich of the following represents a Lewis structure of a noncyclic alkene contains five carbon atoms?arrow_forward(b) H₂C 4-ethy-3-methylnonane CH₂ Marvin JS H₂ X Write the structural formulas for the following hydrocarbons. (c) 2,2-dimethylbutane Helparrow_forward
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Living By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHERChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning