Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9.6, Problem 1HYEW
The saliva of dogs, like the saliva of most mammals (including humans), contains enzymes, antibacterial compounds, and growth factors. When a dog licks a wound, it not only cleans out some of the dirt and kills some of the bacteria that may have entered, but also leaves growth factors behind. The growth factors speed up the synthesis of cyclins, thereby stimulating the division of cells that regenerate the skin, helping to heal the wound more rapidly.
Why Dogs Lick Their Wounds?
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When some cancer cells produce growth factors that stimulate their own division leading to continuous self-
stimulation for cell division it is referred to as
a) TNF tumor necrosis factor
b) AGS autocrine growth stimulation
The term somatic cell refers to:
A) normal body cells other than sperm and egg
B) pluripotent cells
C) most stem cells
D) all of the above are somatic cells
3) Examine the graph showing the relative percentage normal and cancer cells spend in various stages of the cell cycle. Based on the information in the graphs, infer how cancer cells differ from typical, noncancerous cells. Select ALL that apply.
A) Cancer cells do not replicate their DNA.
B) Cancer cells replicate their DNA too quickly.
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E) Cancer cells do not always grow to the same size as typical cells.
more than 1 answer. not graded
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 9.1 - describe the types of cells found in a...Ch. 9.1 - describe the functions of cell division in...Ch. 9.2 - describe the prokaryotic cell cycle and the major...Ch. 9.3 - describe the structure of a eukaryotic chromosome?Ch. 9.3 - describe the functions of telomeres and...Ch. 9.4 - Body, Heal Thyself Ligaments and tendons have a...Ch. 9.4 - describe the events of the eukaryotic cell cycle?Ch. 9.4 - explain the difference between mitotic cell...Ch. 9.5 - Body, Heal Thyself The precision of mitotic cell...Ch. 9.5 - describe the steps of mitotic cell division?
Ch. 9.5 - What would the consequences be if one set of...Ch. 9.5 - describe the usual outcome of mitotic cell...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 9.6 - Body, Heal Thyself Bartolo Colns physicians wanted...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 1CTCh. 9.6 - describe the interactions among growth factors,...Ch. 9.6 - Yesterday, when Daniel was showering after a...Ch. 9.6 - The saliva of dogs, like the saliva of most...Ch. 9.6 - What would happen if a cell suffered a mutation...Ch. 9.6 - explain how a cell protects against producing...Ch. 9 - Most nerve cells in the adult human central...Ch. 9 - The genetic material of all living organisms is...Ch. 9 - A cell that remains capable of dividing throughout...Ch. 9 - Diagram and describe the eukaryotic cell cycle....Ch. 9 - Prob. 2ACCh. 9 - Prokaryotic cells divide by a process called...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2MCCh. 9 - Prob. 2RQCh. 9 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 9 - Prob. 3MCCh. 9 - Prob. 3RQCh. 9 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 9 - How does prokaryotic fission differ from...Ch. 9 - Define the following terms: centromere, telomere,...Ch. 9 - The four phases of mitosis are _________,...Ch. 9 - Prob. 5MCCh. 9 - Prob. 5RQCh. 9 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 9 - Prob. 6RQCh. 9 - Prob. 7RQ
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- Mutations in cancer cells: a.) only cause the tumor to grow if it's an inherited mutation b.) always cause the disease c.) may cause the tumor to grow and may be "bystanders"arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of cells undergoing mitosis and cytokinesis? A) dead skin cells being replaced B) a wound healing over a scar C) a tree producing new branches D) A new embryo growing E) All of the abovearrow_forwardPart A and B A. What is the normal function of the Rb protein? A) Rb prevents the cell cycle from proceeding unless the cell is prepared to do so B) Rb causes cells to undergo apoptosis C) Rb promotes Cdk activation D) Each of the other selections is true E) Rb repairs damaged DNA B. How do tumors arise? A) When cell proliferation occurs at a higher rate than cell death B) When someone is infected with a tumor from another person C) When cell death occurs at a very high rate D) When cell proliferation occurs at a very low ratearrow_forward
- Cytokinesis in plant cells is different than cytokinesis in animal cells. a) Explain why it has to be different, andb) briefly describe the processes in the two different cell types.arrow_forwardThe cell cycle control system is a cycling set of molecules in the cell that triggers and coordinates key events in the cell cycle. This is all controlled by growth factors. a) Identify the major checkpoints in a cell and its function. b)Explain the role of the growth factor.arrow_forwardThe end result of mitosis and cytokinesis is A) two cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the mother cell B) three cells, one of which is twice the size of the other two C) two cells identical in size and genetic material D) two cells identical in genetic material, but one is smaller than the otherarrow_forward
- Which of the following is a valid pathway? a) growth factors trigger cyclin D production, cyclin D promotes Cdk4 and Cdk6 which trigger the replication of DNA b) growth factors trigger cyclin E production, cyclin E promotes Cdk1 and Cdk2 which trigger the replication of DNA c) Aurora and Cdk1 trigger cyclin E production, cyclin E triggers cyclin D which promotes Cdk4 and Cdk6 which trigger the replication of DNA d) none of thesearrow_forwardGrowth factors induce synthesis of cyclin D and then Cyclin D promotes Cdk4 and Cdk6 which progress the cell from G1 to S phase. a) True b) Falsearrow_forwardList and describe the three main types of cytoskeleton. If you wanted to do immunocytochemistry to specifically stain each type of cytoskeleton, what is a protein that could be used for each cytoskeletal type (in other words, what is a unique protein for each cytoskeletal type)? What are three types of actin structures? Describe the involvement of actin structures in cell migration. How is the growth and shrinking of microtubules regulated? Then describe the roles of microtubules in: chromosomal separation during mitosis and the movement of organelles and vesicles within a cell. Describe a possible mechanism on how signaling pathways might impact the cytoskeleton, so that cell migration could be regulated in a localized manner within a multicellular organism. (hint: think about the possible transcriptional regulation of the G-protein regulators) What are 2 main challenges of protein targeting? Then describe one way these challenges are overcome during signal-based targeting and one way…arrow_forward
- How did you know that Paclitaxel was inhibiting cell division? What method of observation was used and how did you interpret the images to come to your conclusion that Paclitaxel was inhibiting cell division?arrow_forwardIn the accelerated phase, cells begin to... A) Increases and the rate of division increases until it reaches a maximum B) Decreases and the rate of division increases until it reaches a maximum C) Increases and the rate of division increases until it reaches a minimumarrow_forwardIn some eukaryote organisms, myocytes are a type of stem cell that become Muscle cells. These cells filled with a protein called myosin. Such cell products are stored in cell structures that are formed from: A) the nucleus, B) from the smooth ER as vesicles, C) are engulfed into the cell by phagocytosis, D) are released from the cell by the process of Exocytosis, E) the lysosomes.arrow_forward
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