Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9.6, Problem 1CYL
- describe the interactions among growth factors, cyclins, and cyclin-dependent kinases that control the eukaryotic cell cycle?
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Explain why we can say that M-phase of the cell-cycle is triggered by a positive feedback loop.
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Which of the following is true with respect to cyclins and CDKs?
A) CDKs promote progression of the cell cycle, cyclins function to inhibit progression of the cell cycle
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C) CDKs will only work to promote progression of the cell cycle when complexed with their designated cyclins
D) CDKs are rarely expressed during a cell's cycle, unless cyclins are present to act as transcription factors
.
What aspects of the cell cycle are controlled by the G1, G2, and M checkpoints? How are cyclins and cyclin-dependent protein kinases involved in cell cycle regulation at checkpoints?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 9.1 - describe the types of cells found in a...Ch. 9.1 - describe the functions of cell division in...Ch. 9.2 - describe the prokaryotic cell cycle and the major...Ch. 9.3 - describe the structure of a eukaryotic chromosome?Ch. 9.3 - describe the functions of telomeres and...Ch. 9.4 - Body, Heal Thyself Ligaments and tendons have a...Ch. 9.4 - describe the events of the eukaryotic cell cycle?Ch. 9.4 - explain the difference between mitotic cell...Ch. 9.5 - Body, Heal Thyself The precision of mitotic cell...Ch. 9.5 - describe the steps of mitotic cell division?
Ch. 9.5 - What would the consequences be if one set of...Ch. 9.5 - describe the usual outcome of mitotic cell...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 9.6 - Body, Heal Thyself Bartolo Colns physicians wanted...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 1CTCh. 9.6 - describe the interactions among growth factors,...Ch. 9.6 - Yesterday, when Daniel was showering after a...Ch. 9.6 - The saliva of dogs, like the saliva of most...Ch. 9.6 - What would happen if a cell suffered a mutation...Ch. 9.6 - explain how a cell protects against producing...Ch. 9 - Most nerve cells in the adult human central...Ch. 9 - The genetic material of all living organisms is...Ch. 9 - A cell that remains capable of dividing throughout...Ch. 9 - Diagram and describe the eukaryotic cell cycle....Ch. 9 - Prob. 2ACCh. 9 - Prokaryotic cells divide by a process called...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2MCCh. 9 - Prob. 2RQCh. 9 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 9 - Prob. 3MCCh. 9 - Prob. 3RQCh. 9 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 9 - How does prokaryotic fission differ from...Ch. 9 - Define the following terms: centromere, telomere,...Ch. 9 - The four phases of mitosis are _________,...Ch. 9 - Prob. 5MCCh. 9 - Prob. 5RQCh. 9 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 9 - Prob. 6RQCh. 9 - Prob. 7RQ
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- How do cyclins and Cdk's drive progression through different phases of the cell cycle?arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements best describes the mechanism by which the "cell cycle control system" regulates events of the cell cycle? O Hydrophobic signaling molecules cross the plasma membrane at distinct stages in the cell cycle O Ca++ and CAMP release into the nucleus signal the progression of the cell cycle Changes in vesicle trafficking events signal progression of the cell cycle Changes in the cellular cytoskeleton signal progression of the cell cycle Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events signal the progression of the cell cyclearrow_forwardHow does the activity of MPF (CDK1) vary throughout the cell cycle? Is this correlated with concentration of cyclins? How does cyclin concentration affect MPF activity?arrow_forward
- If chemical signals in the cytoplasm control the progression of a cell to the M phase of the cell cycle, then fusion of a cell in G1 with a cell in early M phase would most likely result in the (A) replication of chromosomes only in the G1 cell (B) exiting of both cells from the cell cycle and into the G0 phase (C) condensation of chromatin in preparation of nuclear division in both cells (D) transfer of organelles from the G1 cell to the cell in the M phase Please select the correct option. For the incorrect options, please explain why each one is incorrect. Thank you.arrow_forwardAfter DNA damage (e.g. caused by X-ray exposure) in eukaryotic cells, the cell cycle can be arrested by the stabilisation of the protein which drives the transcription of the gene, whose protein product interacts with the G1/S-Cdk and S-Cdk complexes. O PDGF, acetyltransferase O phenylalanine hydraxylase, PDGF O p53, acetyltransferase O p53, p21 O p21. p53arrow_forwardThe interphase is the part of the eukaryotic cell cycle that is most transcriptionally active. Gene regulation during this phase involves changes in the chromatin. a) What is chromatin? b) How can the chromatin structure change?arrow_forward
- What are the three protein families that regulate the cell cycle? give an example for each:arrow_forwardWhich phases of the cell cycle is generally the longest in the cells of a mature eukaryote? What steps make it longest phase?arrow_forwardThe cell cycle control system is a cycling set of molecules in the cell that triggers and coordinates key events in the cell cycle. This is all controlled by growth factors. a) Identify the major checkpoints in a cell and its function. b)Explain the role of the growth factor.arrow_forward
- 1. (a) Describe the generalized model of the cell cycle. Demonstrate how cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases can regulate the cell cycle. (b). Describe three ways in which cells lose their ability to regulate their growth to become cancerous.arrow_forwardName the phases of the cell cycle. b) During which phases are the chromosomes and then the cytoplasm split, respectively? c) Describe one mechanism that is used to regulate the cell cycle.arrow_forwardIn the following study, the investigators wanted to determine the role of cyclin B in controlling the cell cycle. Earlier researchers had found that extracts made from frog eggs (Xenopus) contained all the necessary proteins and machinery required for DNA replication. This included proteins that regulated the mitosis promoting factor (MPF). At the time of this study, cyclin B was show to affect MPF activity and the research group wanted to test using Xenopus egg extract in an assay. In Figure 1 (a) MPF activity was tested for its ability to phosphorylate Histone (H1) in sperm chromatin over a certain period of time. Additionally, the cyclin B concentration in the extract was measured. In figure 1b, the extract was tested after treatment with RNase which degraded only the mRNA and not RNA or FRNA in the extract. Knowing that cyclin B is a short-lived protein, why do you suppose the graph shows the results you see in figure 1b?arrow_forward
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cell division of meiosis and mitosis; Author: Stated Clearly;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-mFPZLLbHI;License: Standard youtube license