Parents The following table shows the heights (in inches) of a random sample of students and their parent of the same gender. Test the hypothesis that the mean for the students is more than the mean for the parents, at the 0.05 level. Assume the data are Normal. a. Use the paired t -test that is appropriate. b. Use the two-sample t -test , even though it is not appropriate. c. Compare the results. The numerator of both t -values is the difference in sample means, which is 1.12 inches. What must be causing the different t -values if the numerators are the same?
Parents The following table shows the heights (in inches) of a random sample of students and their parent of the same gender. Test the hypothesis that the mean for the students is more than the mean for the parents, at the 0.05 level. Assume the data are Normal. a. Use the paired t -test that is appropriate. b. Use the two-sample t -test , even though it is not appropriate. c. Compare the results. The numerator of both t -values is the difference in sample means, which is 1.12 inches. What must be causing the different t -values if the numerators are the same?
Solution Summary: The author explains how to conduct a paired t-test to check whether the population mean height of students is more than that of parents.
Parents The following table shows the heights (in inches) of a random sample of students and their parent of the same gender. Test the hypothesis that the mean for the students is more than the mean for the parents, at the
0.05
level. Assume the data are Normal.
a. Use the paired
t
-test
that is appropriate.
b. Use the two-sample
t
-test
, even though it is not appropriate.
c. Compare the results. The numerator of both
t
-values
is the difference in sample means, which is
1.12
inches. What must be causing the different
t
-values
if the numerators are the same?
Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...
Throughout, A, B, (An, n≥ 1), and (Bn, n≥ 1) are subsets of 2.
1. Show that
AAB (ANB) U (BA) = (AUB) (AB),
Α' Δ Β = Α Δ Β,
{A₁ U A2} A {B₁ U B2) C (A1 A B₁}U{A2 A B2).
16. Show that, if X and Y are independent random variables, such that E|X|< ∞,
and B is an arbitrary Borel set, then
EXI{Y B} = EX P(YE B).
Proposition 1.1 Suppose that X1, X2,... are random variables. The following
quantities are random variables:
(a) max{X1, X2) and min(X1, X2);
(b) sup, Xn and inf, Xn;
(c) lim sup∞ X
and lim inf∞ Xn-
(d) If Xn(w) converges for (almost) every w as n→ ∞, then lim-
random variable.
→ Xn is a
Elementary and Intermediate Algebra: Concepts and Applications (7th Edition)
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