(a)
Interpretation:
A graph should be plotted using the spreadsheet for given information.
Concept introduction:
Flame emission spectrography is so named because the atoms are exposed to a flame to get the required amount of energy of excitation. This is a classical method and has been widely replaced by the plasma spectroscopies.
(b)
Interpretation:
The least square equation for the given data should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Flame emission spectrography is named so, because the atoms are exposed to a flame to get the required amount of energy of excitation. This is a classical method and has been widely replaced by the plasma spectroscopies.
(c)
Interpretation:
The statistics of the line plotted in option b should be determined.
Introduction:
Flame emission spectrography is so named because the atoms are exposed to a flame to get the required amount of energy of excitation. This is a classical method and has been widely replaced by the plasma spectroscopies.
(d)
Interpretation:
The percentage of Na2O in each given sample and the absolute and relative standard deviations should be determined.
Introduction:
Flame emission spectrography is so named because the atoms are exposed to a flame to get the required amount of energy of excitation. This is a classical method and has been widely replaced by the plasma spectroscopies.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
- Exactly 5.00 mL aliquots of a solution containing analyte X were transferred into 50.00-mL volumetric flasks and the pH of the solution is adjusted to 9.0. The following volumes of a standard solution containing 2.00 µg/mL of X were then added into each flask and the mixture was diluted to volume: 0.000, 0.500, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 mL. The fluorescence of each of these solutions was measured with a fluorometer, and the following values were obtained: 3.26, 4.80, 6.42, 8.02 and 9.56, respectively. ii. Using relevant functions in Excel, derive a least-squares equation for the data, and use the parameters of this equation to find the concentration of the phenobarbital in the unknown solution.arrow_forwardThe determination of iron in wines was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, using the standard addition method. To do this, 10 mL of wine were placed in five 50 mL volumetric flasks; then 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mL of a 10 ppm iron standard solution were added to each of them. Next, they were gauged with distilled water and the absorbance was measured, obtaining the values of 0.040, 0.062, 0.081, 0.102 and 0.125 respectively. Calculate the regression parameters and obtain the iron concentration in the wine, in µg / mL.arrow_forwardYou have measured the blank for a determination of arsenic in food samples by hydride-generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The blank values are: 0.23 ppb, 0.14 ppb, 0.16 ppb, 0.28 ppb, 0.18 ppb, 0.09 ppb, 0.10 ppb, 0.20 ppb, 0.15 ppb, 0.21 ppb As. What is the LOD?arrow_forward
- A sample of water from the North Sea was analysed by ion-chromatography and the sulfate concentration determined to be 2960 mg/L. A sample of formation water from a reservoir near Shetland was analysed by atomic emission spectroscopy and the strontium concentration determined to be 770 mg/L. If the Ksp value for strontium sulfate is 3.44x10- mol- L-2 predict whether precipitation should occur if 500 ml of the seawater is mixed with 500 ml of the formation water.arrow_forwardPayalbenarrow_forwardPlease answer all required.arrow_forward
- As a forensic toxicologist, you have been given a task on determining amount of cadmium, mercury, chromium, copper and lead metal contents in medicinal herbs using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Hollow cathode lamp (HCL) was selected as radiation source for this analysis. The highest concentration came from lead element followed by chromium and copper, however cadmium and mercury were not detected in the sample. a) Based on your knowledge, conclude whether the above result is valid or not. b) If you are given an option of electrothermal or flame atomizer for above case study, determine which one is suitable and justify your answer.arrow_forward(5) A sample of sodium phosphate is dissolved in water to give 100.00 mL of solution (Solution A). Then this solution is diluted 5 times to give the final solution (Solution B). Solution B is Known to contain 3.920 x 1022 number of PO43- ions, which has an absorption peak at 460 nm and absorbance value of 0.355 in a 1.000 cm cuvette. (i) Calculate the molar absorptivity of Solution B. (ii) What mass of sodium phosphate (MM 163.94 g/mol) dissolved in Solution A.arrow_forwardDefine mass spectroscopy and the underlying principle/background of its method for characterizing samples.arrow_forward
- The sodium in a series of cement samples was determined by flame emission spectroscopy. The flame photometer was calibrated with a series of NaCl standards that contained sodium equivalent to 0, 20.0, 40.0, 60.0, and 80.0 µg Na2O per mL. The instrument readings R for these solutions were 3.1, 21.5, 40.9, 57.1, and 77. 3. a. Plot the data using a spreadsheet. b. Obtain a least-squares equation for the data. c. Calculate the statistics for the line in (b). (d) d. The following data were obtained for replicate 1.000-g samples of cement that were dissolved in HCl and diluted to 100.0 mL after neutralization. Emission Reading Blank Sample A Sample B Sample C Replication 1 5.1 28.6 40.7 73.1 Replication 2 Replication 3 4.9 28.9 4.8 28.2 41.2 72.1 40.2 Spilled Calculate the percentage of Na2O in each sample. What are the absolute and relative standard deviations for the average of each determination?arrow_forwardA sample of body serum is to be analysed for sodium by flame emission spectroscopy. 1.00cm' aliquot of serum was pipetted into each of two 50.0cm' volumetric flasks. The first flask was diluted to volume with deionised water. The absorbance of this first solution was0.350. To the second flask 10.0 cm' of a 25.0 ppm sodium standard was added and the flask made up to volume with deionised water. The absorbance of this second solution was 0.720.(i) Calculate the concentration of the sodium in the body serum in mg dm-3.arrow_forwardA solution was prepared from an amount n = (0.500 ± 0.005) mol dissolved in a volume V = (250.0 ± 0.5) cm3. What is the absolute uncertainty in the concentration in units of mol dm-3?arrow_forward
- Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning