
Draw all constitutional isomers having molecular formula C4H100. Classify each compound as a 1°, 2°, or 3° alcohol, or a symmetrical or unsymmetrical ether.

Interpretation:
To draw all the constitutional isomers for the molecular formula C4H10O and classify each compound as a 1°, 2°, or 3° alcohol, or a symmetrical or unsymmetrical ether.
Concept introduction:
Constitutional isomers also known as structural isomers. They are molecules that have the same chemical formula but their atoms are arranged differently. They are three main types of constitutional isomers.
a) Chain isomers – the carbon chain has a different order of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
b) Position isomers- a functional group of the isomers is in a different location on the molecules.
c) Functional isomers- the isomers contain a different functional group.
Answer to Problem 9.1P
Molecular formula C4H10O may be an alcohol and ether and seven isomers are shown below.
Strucutre,
A= 2o alcohol
B=1o alcohol
C=1o alcohol
D=3o alcohol
E=Symmetrical ether
F=Unsymmetrical ether
G=Unsymmetrical ether
Explanation of Solution
Alcohol are classified into 1o, 2o and 3o alcohol based on the number of the carbon atom bonded to carbon with OH functional group. Whereas the ether are symmetrical and unsymmetreical ethers. The ether that have two identical R groups is said to be symmetrical ether and having different R group is said to unsymmetrical ether.
Strucutre,
A= 2o alcohol
B=1o alcohol
C=1o alcohol
D=3o alcohol
E=Symmetrical ether
F=Unsymmetrical ether
G=Unsymmetrical ether
Thus seven constitutional isomers with functional groups alcohol and ether are obtained for the molecular formula C4H10O. And the structure,
A= 2o alcohol
B=1o alcohol
C=1o alcohol
D=3o alcohol
E=Symmetrical ether
F=Unsymmetrical ether
G=Unsymmetrical ether
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