(a) Interpretation: The entropy change for the conversion of liquid water to water vapor at 100&degC needs to be determined. Concept introduction: The Gibb’s equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between ΔS , ΔH and ΔG with temperature. The mathematical expression of Gibb’s equation can be written as: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS With the help of this equation one can predict the change in ΔS , ΔH and ΔG . For any reaction the ΔH can be calculated with the help of the following relation: ΔrH°= ΣΔrH°product - ∑ ΔrH°reactant
(a) Interpretation: The entropy change for the conversion of liquid water to water vapor at 100&degC needs to be determined. Concept introduction: The Gibb’s equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between ΔS , ΔH and ΔG with temperature. The mathematical expression of Gibb’s equation can be written as: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS With the help of this equation one can predict the change in ΔS , ΔH and ΔG . For any reaction the ΔH can be calculated with the help of the following relation: ΔrH°= ΣΔrH°product - ∑ ΔrH°reactant
Solution Summary: The author explains the Gibb's equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between S,
Definition Definition Substance that constitutes everything in the universe. Matter consists of atoms, which are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction: solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chapter 9, Problem 9.127SP
Interpretation Introduction
(a)
Interpretation:
The entropy change for the conversion of liquid water to water vapor at 100°C needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The Gibb’s equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between ΔS, ΔH and ΔG with temperature. The mathematical expression of Gibb’s equation can be written as:
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
With the help of this equation one can predict the change in ΔS, ΔH and ΔG. For any reaction the ΔH can be calculated with the help of the following relation:
ΔrH°= ΣΔrH°product - ∑ΔrH°reactant
Interpretation Introduction
(b)
Interpretation:
The entropy change for the freezing of liquid water to the ice at 0°C needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The Gibb’s equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between ΔS, ΔH and ΔG with temperature. The mathematical expression of Gibb’s equation can be written as:
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
With the help of this equation one can predict the change in ΔS, ΔH and ΔG. For any reaction the ΔH can be calculated with the help of the following relation:
ΔrH°= ΣΔrH°product - ∑ΔrH°reactant
Interpretation Introduction
(c)
Interpretation:
The entropy change for the erosion of a mountain from the glacier needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The Gibb’s equation of thermodynamic purposed a relation between ΔS, ΔH and ΔG with temperature. The mathematical expression of Gibb’s equation can be written as:
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
With the help of this equation one can predict the change in ΔS, ΔH and ΔG. For any reaction the ΔH can be calculated with the help of the following relation:
b) Certain cyclic compounds are known to be conformationally similar to carbohydrates, although they are not
themselves carbohydrates. One example is Compound C shown below, which could be imagined as adopting
four possible conformations. In reality, however, only one of these is particularly stable. Circle the conformation
you expect to be the most stable, and provide an explanation to justify your choice. For your explanation to be
both convincing and correct, it must contain not only words, but also "cartoon" orbital drawings contrasting the
four structures.
Compound C
Possible conformations (circle one):
Дет
Lab Data
The distance entered is out of the expected range.
Check your calculations and conversion factors.
Verify your distance. Will the gas cloud be closer to the cotton ball with HCI or NH3?
Did you report your data to the correct number of significant figures?
- X
Experimental Set-up
HCI-NH3
NH3-HCI
Longer Tube
Time elapsed (min)
5 (exact)
5 (exact)
Distance between cotton balls (cm)
24.30
24.40
Distance to cloud (cm)
9.70
14.16
Distance traveled by HCI (cm)
9.70
9.80
Distance traveled by NH3 (cm)
14.60
14.50
Diffusion rate of HCI (cm/hr)
116
118
Diffusion rate of NH3 (cm/hr)
175.2
175.2
How to measure distance and calculate rate
For the titration of a divalent metal ion (M2+) with EDTA, the stoichiometry of the reaction is typically:
1:1 (one mole of EDTA per mole of metal ion)
2:1 (two moles of EDTA per mole of metal ion)
1:2 (one mole of EDTA per two moles of metal ion)
None of the above
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The Laws of Thermodynamics, Entropy, and Gibbs Free Energy; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8N1BxHgsoOw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY