Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780073401331
Author: William Navidi Prof.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 17SE
The article “Factorial Experiments in the Optimization of Alkaline Wastewater Pretreatment” (M. Prisciandaro. A. Del Borghi, and F. Veglio, Industrial Engineering and Chemistry Research, 2002:5034–5041) presents the results of several experiments to investigate methods of treating alkaline wastewater. One experiment was an unreplicated 24 design. The four factors were A: concentration of sulfuric acid. B: temperature. C: time, and D: concentration of calcium chloride. The outcome variable is the amount of precipitate in kg/m3 The results are presented in the following table.
- a. Estimate all main effects and interactions.
- b. Which effects seem to be larger than the others?
- c. Assume that all third-and higher-order interactions are equal to 0, and add their sums of squares. Use the result in place of an error sum of squares to compute F statistics and P-values for the main effects. Which factors can you conclude to have an effect on the outcome?
- d. The article described some replicates of the experiment, in which the error mean square was found to be 1.04, with four degrees of freedom. Using this value, compute F statistics and P-values for all main effects and interactions.
- e. Do the results of part (d) help to justify the assumption that the third-and higher-order interactions are equal to 0? Explain.
- f. Using the results of part (d), which factors can you conclude to have an effect on the outcome?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
0
n
AM
RIES
s of
of
10
m
Frequency
40
Frequency
20
20
30
10
You make two histograms from two different
data sets (see the following figures), each
one containing 200 observations. Which of
the histograms has a smaller spread: the first
or the second?
40
30
20
10
0
20
40
60
0
20
20
40
60
60
80
80
100
80
100
TIP
the
aren't, the data are not sym
11
Suppose that the average salary at a certain
company is $100,000, and the median salary
is $40,000.
a. What do these figures tell you about the
shape of the histogram of salaries at this
company?
b. Which measure of center is more appro-
priate here?
c. Suppose that the company goes through a
salary negotiation. How can people on
each side use these summary statistics to
their advantage?
6360 be
52
PART 1 Getting Off to a Statistically Significant S
12
Suppose that you know that a data set is
skewed left, and you know that the two
measures of center are 19 and 38. Which
figure is the mean and which is the median?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
Ch. 9.1 - A study is made of the effect of curing...Ch. 9.1 - The article Nutrient Deprivation Improves Field...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.1 - The antibiotic gentamicin sulphate is often...Ch. 9.1 - The article influence of Age on Masonry Bond...Ch. 9.1 - Archaeologists can determine the diets of ancient...Ch. 9.1 - The article Secretion of Parathyroid Hormone...Ch. 9.1 - The article Impact of Free Calcium Oxide Content...Ch. 9.1 - A certain chemical reaction was run three times at...Ch. 9.1 - An experiment to compare the lifetimes of four...
Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.1 - Refer to Exercise 12. a. Compute the quantity...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.1 - The following MINITAB output presents a power...Ch. 9.2 - Exercises for Section 9.2 1.The article Organic...Ch. 9.2 - The article Optimum Design of an A-pillar Trim...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 2 in Section 9.1. a.Use the...Ch. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 13 in Section 9.1. a. Use the...Ch. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 1 in Section 9.1. A scientist...Ch. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 13 in Section 9.1. A...Ch. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 3 in Section 9.1. a. Use the...Ch. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 5 in Section 9.1. a. Use the...Ch. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 9 in Section 9.1. a. Use the...Ch. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 16 in Section 9.1. a. Use the...Ch. 9.2 - Refer to Exercise 18 in Section 9.1. a. Use the...Ch. 9.2 - In an experiment to determine the effect of...Ch. 9.2 - In an experiment to determine the effect of curing...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.2 - For some data sets, the F statistic will reject...Ch. 9.3 - To assess the effect of piston ring type and oil...Ch. 9.3 - A machine shop has three machines used in...Ch. 9.3 - An experiment to determine the effect of mold...Ch. 9.3 - The effect of curing pressure on bond strength was...Ch. 9.3 - The article Change in Creep Behavior of Plexiform...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.3 - Adding glass panicles to clay brick may improve...Ch. 9.3 - The article Application of Radial Basis Function...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.3 - The article Anodic Fenton Treatment of Treflan MTF...Ch. 9.3 - Refer to Exercise 12. The treatments with a...Ch. 9.3 - The article Use of Taguchi Methods and Multiple...Ch. 9.3 - The article T-Bracing for Stability of Compression...Ch. 9.3 - The article referred to in Exercise 15 also...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.3 - The article Cellulose Acetate Microspheres...Ch. 9.4 - Recycling newsprint is important in reducing...Ch. 9.4 - A study was done to see which of four machines is...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.4 - Three different corrosion-resistant coatings are...Ch. 9.4 - The article Genotype-Environment Interactions and...Ch. 9.4 - The article Sprinkler Technologies, Soil...Ch. 9.4 - The article Bromate Surveys in French Drinking...Ch. 9.4 - The article Multi-objective Scheduling Problems:...Ch. 9.4 - You have been given the task of designing a study...Ch. 9.4 - An engineering professor wants to determine which...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 1ECh. 9.5 - Give an example of a factorial experiment in which...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.5 - The article Efficient Pyruvate Production by a...Ch. 9.5 - The article cited in Exercise 4 also investigated...Ch. 9.5 - A metal casting process for the production of...Ch. 9.5 - The article An Investigation into the Ball...Ch. 9.5 - In a 2p design with one replicate per treatment,...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.5 - The article Factorial Design for Column Rotation...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 9 - The article Gypsum Effect on the Aggregate Size...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2SECh. 9 - Prob. 3SECh. 9 - Prob. 4SECh. 9 - Prob. 5SECh. 9 - Prob. 6SECh. 9 - Prob. 7SECh. 9 - The article Case Study Based Instruction of DOE...Ch. 9 - The article Combined Analysis of Real-Time...Ch. 9 - Vermont maple sugar producers sponsored a testing...Ch. 9 - Prob. 11SECh. 9 - Prob. 12SECh. 9 - Prob. 13SECh. 9 - The article Enthalpies and Entropies of Transfer...Ch. 9 - Prob. 15SECh. 9 - Prob. 16SECh. 9 - The article Factorial Experiments in the...Ch. 9 - The Williamsburg Bridge is a suspension bridge...Ch. 9 - Prob. 19SECh. 9 - In the article Nitrate Contamination of Alluvial...Ch. 9 - The article Factorial Experiments in the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 22SECh. 9 - Prob. 23SECh. 9 - Prob. 24SE
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Find all solutions of each equation in the interval .
Precalculus: A Unit Circle Approach (3rd Edition)
Provide an example of a qualitative variable and an example of a quantitative variable.
Elementary Statistics ( 3rd International Edition ) Isbn:9781260092561
Empirical versus Theoretical A Monopoly player claims that the probability of getting a 4 when rolling a six-si...
Introductory Statistics
Use the ideas in drawings a and b to find the solution to Gausss Problem for the sum 1+2+3+...+n. Explain your ...
A Problem Solving Approach To Mathematics For Elementary School Teachers (13th Edition)
1. How is a sample related to a population?
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th Edition)
(a) Make a stem-and-leaf plot for these 24 observations on the number of customers who used a down-town CitiBan...
APPLIED STAT.IN BUS.+ECONOMICS
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- y of 45 home- televisions u find that 010020 le own one, ee, and 1 owns y histogram of 4 Suppose that you have a loaded die. You roll it several times and record the outcomes, which are shown in the following figure. Histogram for Loaded Die 444% 34.00 48% 6% 2% Frequency 20 20 15 155 10 5- ம 0 1 2 3 4 Outcome 5 6 a. Make a relative frequency histogram of these results. b. You can make a relative frequency histo- gram from a frequency histogram; can you go the other direction?arrow_forwardCalculate the mean for Study Hours and Test Scores. Compute the covariance between the two variables using the formula: Calculate the standard deviation for Study Hours (X) and Test Scores (Y). Determine the correlation coefficient Interpret the results: What does the calculated r-value indicate about the relationship between study hours and test scores?arrow_forwardFor unemployed persons in the United States, the average number of months of unemployment at the end of December 2009 was approximately seven months (Bureau of Labor Statistics, January 2010). Suppose the following data are for a particular region in upstate New York. The values in the first column show the number of months unemployed and the values in the second column show the corresponding number of unemployed persons. Months Unemployed Number Unemployed 1 1029 2 1686 3 2269 4 2675 5 3487 6 4652 7 4145 8 3587 9 2325 10 1120 Let x be a random variable indicating the number of months a person is unemployed. a. Use the data to develop an empirical discrete probability distribution for x (to 4 decimals). (x) f(x) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 b. Show that your probability distribution satisfies the conditions for a valid discrete probability distribution. The input in the box below will not be graded, but may be reviewed and considered by your instructor. blank c. What is the probability that a…arrow_forward
- West Virginia has one of the highest divorce rates in the nation, with an annual rate of approximately 5 divorces per 1000 people (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website, January 12, 2012). The Marital Counseling Center, Inc. (MCC) thinks that the high divorce rate in the state may require them to hire additional staff. Working with a consultant, the management of MCC has developed the following probability distribution for x = the number of new clients for marriage counseling for the next year. Excel File: data05-19.xls x 10 f(x) .05 20 30 .10 .10 40 .20 50 60 .35 .20 a. Is this probability distribution valid? - Select your answer- Explain. f(x) Σf(x) Select your answer Select your answer b. What is the probability MCC will obtain more than 30 new clients (to 2 decimals)? c. What is the probability MCC will obtain fewer than 20 new clients (to 2 decimals)? d. Compute the expected value and variance of x. Expected value Variance clients per year squared clients per yeararrow_forwardFor unemployed persons in the United States, the average number of months of unemployment at the end of December 2009 was approximately seven months (Bureau of Labor Statistics, January 2010). Suppose the following data are for a particular region in upstate New York. The values in the first column show the number of months unemployed and the values in the second column show the corresponding number of unemployed persons. Months Unemployed Number Unemployed 1 1029 2 1686 3 2269 4 2675 5 3487 6 4652 7 4145 8 3587 9 2325 10 1120 Let x be a random variable indicating the number of months a person is unemployed. a. Use the data to develop an empirical discrete probability distribution for x (to 4 decimals). (x) f(x) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 b. Show that your probability distribution satisfies the conditions for a valid discrete probability distribution. The input in the box below will not be graded, but may be reviewed and considered by your instructor. c. What is the probability that a person…arrow_forwardIn Gallup's Annual Consumption Habits Poll, telephone interviews were conducted for a random sample of 1014 adults aged 18 and over. One of the questions was "How many cups of coffee, if any, do you drink on an average day?" The following table shows the results obtained (Gallup website, August 6, 2012). Excel File: data05-23.xls Number of Cups per Day Number of Responses 0 365 264 193 3 4 or more 91 101 Define a random variable x = number of cups of coffee consumed on an average day. Let x = 4 represent four or more cups. Round your answers to four decimal places. a. Develop a probability distribution for x. x 0 1 2 3 4 f(x) b. Compute the expected value of x. cups of coffee c. Compute the variance of x. cups of coffee squared d. Suppose we are only interested in adults that drink at least one cup of coffee on an average day. For this group, let y = the number of cups of coffee consumed on an average day. Compute the expected value of y. Compare it to the expected value of x. The…arrow_forward
- In Gallup's Annual Consumption Habits Poll, telephone interviews were conducted for a random sample of 1014 adults aged 18 and over. One of the questions was "How many cups of coffee, if any, do you drink on an average day?" The following table shows the results obtained (Gallup website, August 6, 2012). Excel File: data05-23.xls Number of Cups per Day Number of Responses 0 365 264 193 2 3 4 or more 91 101 Define a random variable x = number of cups of coffee consumed on an average day. Let x = 4 represent four or more cups. Round your answers to four decimal places. a. Develop a probability distribution for x. x 0 1 2 3 f(x) b. Compute the expected value of x. cups of coffee c. Compute the variance of x. cups of coffee squared d. Suppose we are only interested in adults that drink at least one cup of coffee on an average day. For this group, let y = the number of cups of coffee consumed on an average day. Compute the expected value of y. Compare it to the expected value of x. The…arrow_forwardA technician services mailing machines at companies in the Phoenix area. Depending on the type of malfunction, the service call can take 1, 2, 3, or 4 hours. The different types of malfunctions occur at about the same frequency. Develop a probability distribution for the duration of a service call. Duration of Call x f(x) 1 2 3 4 Which of the following probability distribution graphs accurately represents the data set? Consider the required conditions for a discrete probability function, shown below.Does this probability distribution satisfy equation (5.1)?Does this probability distribution satisfy equation (5.2)? What is the probability a service call will take three hours? A service call has just come in, but the type of malfunction is unknown. It is 3:00 P.M. and service technicians usually get off at 5:00 P.M. What is the probability the service technician will have to work overtime to fix the machine today?arrow_forwardA psychologist determined that the number of sessions required to obtain the trust of a new patient is either 1, 2, or 3. Let x be a random variable indicating the number of sessions required to gain the patient's trust. The following probability function has been proposed. x f(x) for x = 1, 2, or 3 a. Consider the required conditions for a discrete probability function, shown below. f(x) ≥0 Σf(x) = 1 (5.1) (5.2) Does this probability distribution satisfy equation (5.1)? Select Does this probability distribution satisfy equation (5.2)? Select b. What is the probability that it takes exactly 2 sessions to gain the patient's trust (to 3 decimals)? c. What is the probability that it takes at least 2 sessions to gain the patient's trust (to 3 decimals)?arrow_forward
- A technician services mailing machines at companies in the Phoenix area. Depending on the type of malfunction, the service call can take 1, 2, 3, or 4 hours. The different types of malfunctions occur at about the same frequency. Develop a probability distribution for the duration of a service call. Which of the following probability distribution graphs accurately represents the data set? Consider the required conditions for a discrete probability function, shown below.Does this probability distribution satisfy equation (5.1)?Does this probability distribution satisfy equation (5.2)? What is the probability a service call will take three hours? A service call has just come in, but the type of malfunction is unknown. It is 3:00 P.M. and service technicians usually get off at 5:00 P.M. What is the probability the service technician will have to work overtime to fix the machine today?arrow_forwardWest Virginia has one of the highest divorce rates in the nation, with an annual rate of approximately 5 divorces per 1000 people (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website, January 12, 2012). The Marital Counseling Center, Inc. (MCC) thinks that the high divorce rate in the state may require them to hire additional staff. Working with a consultant, the management of MCC has developed the following probability distribution for x = the number of new clients for marriage counseling for the next year. Excel File: data05-19.xls 10 20 f(x) .05 .10 11 30 40 50 60 .10 .20 .35 .20 a. Is this probability distribution valid? Yes Explain. greater than or equal to 0 f(x) Σf(x) equal to 1 b. What is the probability MCC will obtain more than 30 new clients (to 2 decimals)? c. What is the probability MCC will obtain fewer than 20 new clients (to 2 decimals)? d. Compute the expected value and variance of x. Expected value Variance clients per year squared clients per yeararrow_forwardReconsider the patient satisfaction data in Table 1. Fit a multiple regression model using both patient age and severity as the regressors. (a) Test for significance of regression. (b) Test for the individual contribution of the two regressors. Are both regressor variables needed in the model? (c) Has adding severity to the model improved the quality of the model fit? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsStatisticsISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...StatisticsISBN:9781305251809Author:Jay L. DevorePublisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...StatisticsISBN:9781305504912Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. WallnauPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305251809
Author:Jay L. Devore
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305504912
Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...
Statistics
ISBN:9780134683416
Author:Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319042578
Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319013387
Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Hypothesis Testing using Confidence Interval Approach; Author: BUM2413 Applied Statistics UMP;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq1l3e9pLyY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing - Difference of Two Means - Student's -Distribution & Normal Distribution; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcZwyzwWU7o;License: Standard Youtube License