Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 14SQ
Energy that drives translation is provided mainly by ___ .
- a. ATP
- b. amino acids
- c. CTP
- d. all of the above
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In RNA, ___________ pairs with adenine.
A.Group of answer choices
cytosine
guanine
thymine
uracil
B.The main differences between introns and exon is
Group of answer choices
Exons code for amino acids and Introns do not
Introns code for RNA and exons code for DNA
Introns code for amino acids and exons do not
Introns enter the nucleus and exons leave the nucleus
The formation of peptide bonds between amino acids occurs _____.
a. during transcription
b. during the elongation step to translation
c. during the assemble of the ribosome and mRNA
d. while DNA is being replicated
You are studying a eukaryotic gene in which translation normally begins at the second AUG in the mRNA (underlined). The sequence surrounding both AUGs is
CGGAUGCACAGGACAUCCUACCUACGGAGAUGA.... Predict the effects of the following mutations on the translation of this mRNA. Present the new sequence, highlight the changes in the sequence and consider the best context for translation. a. Change the first and second C to G b. Change the first and second C to G and also change the UAC codon before the second AUG to UAG.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 9 - RIPs as Cancer Drugs Researchers are taking a page...Ch. 9 - RIPs as Cancer Drugs Researchers are taking a page...Ch. 9 - RIPs as Cancer Drugs Researchers are taking a page...Ch. 9 - RIPs as Cancer Drugs Researchers are taking a page...Ch. 9 - A chromosome contains many different genes that...Ch. 9 - A binding .site for RNA polymerase is called a ___...Ch. 9 - In cells, most RNA molecules are ___ ; most DNA...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4SQCh. 9 - The main function of a DNA molecule is to ________...Ch. 9 - The main function of an mRNA molecule is to ___ ....
Ch. 9 - Prob. 7SQCh. 9 - Prob. 8SQCh. 9 - Prob. 9SQCh. 9 - Anticodons pair with ___ . a. mRNA codons b. DNA...Ch. 9 - Prob. 11SQCh. 9 - Prob. 12SQCh. 9 - Prob. 13SQCh. 9 - Energy that drives translation is provided mainly...Ch. 9 - Match the terms with the best description. ______...Ch. 9 - Researchers are designing and testing antisense...Ch. 9 - An anticodon has the sequence GCG. What amino acid...Ch. 9 - Each position of a codon can be occupied by one of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4CTCh. 9 - Translate the .sequence of bases in the previous...Ch. 9 - Can you .spell your name (or someone else's) using...Ch. 9 - Bacteria use the.same stop codons as eukaryotes....
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- Which of the following molecules is (are) produced by translation? Mark all the correct answers. A. RNA polymerase B. The digestive enzyme pepsin C. Ribosomal proteins D. Transfer RNA E. The amino acid glycine revious NEXT Save Exit AMooRook Pro 身arrow_forwardGenetic expression involves transcription and translation. Match the structure or molecule to the step. a. promoter region b. RNA polymerase c. antisense strand d. poly-A tail е. 5 саp f. splicing g. anticodon loop h. acceptor stem i. peptide bond j. A site 57. transcribed strand that will go on to translation 58. site where tRNA with amino acid enters the ribosome 59. intron sequences are removed and exons are combined together 60. site where amino acid combines with tRNAarrow_forward1. The poly A tail of an mRNA molecule was removed by a deadenylase enzyme before it is recognized by the ribosomes. What will happen to this mRNA? a. It will not be translated anymore and will be degraded. b. It will get stuck in the small ribosomes since it will be difficult to set the proper start site. c. The reading frame of translation will change. d.The mRNA will be bound by the ribosomes for translation. 2. Which of the following is true regarding these DNA repair mechanisms? a. Non-homologous end joining is less likely to produce mutations than homologous recombination. b. Errors during DNA synthesis that are not caught by the replication machinery can be corrected by mismatch repair. c. DNA damage from chemical reactions cannot be undone. d. Proofreading from DNA polymerase I reduces the error rate in DNA to about 1 in 100 nucleotides. 3. Which of the following enzymes involved in DNA replication correctly pairs with its function? a. Helicase seals gaps between DNA…arrow_forward
- Energy that drives translation is provided mainly by ______ . a. ATP c. GTP b. amino acids d. ribosomesarrow_forwardDuring transcription, uracil pairs with ___. A. cytosine B. thymine C. guanine D. adenine E. ribosearrow_forwardWhat would be the direct consequence to a cell of loss-of-function of Elongation Factor-Tu (EF-Tu)? You may select multiple answers. a. tRNAs would fail to exit the E site after giving up their amino acid. b. The error rate of translation would increase. c. The ribosome would frequently fail to identify the correct start codon and initiation of translation would become less efficient. d. There would be no pause between the entry of a tRNA into the A site and peptidyl transfer.arrow_forward
- a.Label the diagram b.What is one differences between initiation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation? A A AUCG 5'TT GGGUUUACG G E B.arrow_forwardPut the events of translation in order. A. Ribosome reads the start codon and initites transcription B. The ribosome recruits the correct tRNA to its binding site. C. Peptide bond occurs betweeen two amino acids D. The "empty" tRNA leaves the ribosomesarrow_forwardThe initiation factors a. help assembling both ribosomal subunits with mRNA and initiator tRNA b. help with the peptide bond formation c. help starting the translation elongation d. are responsible for the initiation of ribosome translocationarrow_forward
- During translation, when a stop codon is read on the mRNA strand at the ribosome... a the mRNA is digested by a protease complex b a repressor attached to the ribosome that inhibits the movement of the ribosome along the mRNA c the enzyme helicase binds to terminate the polypeptide d a release factor enters the A site of the ribosome and stimulates the disassembly of the translation complex Codons are... a triplets coding for a single amino acid. b redundant in their coding for various amino acids. c matched with anticodons during translation d triplets found on transfer RNA Question 6 (1 point) In order to produce many copies of the same protein in a short period of time, the cell uses... a intron self-splicing. b many RNA polymerase molecules to produce multiple mRNA transcripts at the same time. c single-unit ribosomes for high speed translation. d codon-anticodon reciprocal…arrow_forwardDuring translation, amino acid chain termination requires a. a hydrolysis reaction to break off tRNA from the ribosome subunit b. elongation factors after termination hydrolysis c. a start codon to signal new chain d. stop signals from initiation complexarrow_forwardWhich of the following are stages of translation? Select all that apply. a.As the ribosome moves from codon to codon, amino acids brought by successive tRNAs to the ribosome form a growing polypeptide. b.A tRNA binds to the second codon and its carried amino acid forms a peptide bond with methionine. c.When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, its subunits detach, and the mRNA and new polypeptide are released. d.Ribosomal subunits and a tRNA carrying methionine converge on the start codon of an mRNA. e.The binding of a tRNA to the third codon causes the ribosome to release the first tRNA and move to the next codon.arrow_forward
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