Chapter 8, Problem 8.64QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The order of increasing first ionization energy of $\text{K}$, $\text{Se}$, $\text{S}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The energy that is needed to remove an electron from the isolated, neutral gaseous atom is known as ionization energy. It is represented by $I$. The energy required to eliminate the first electron from the neutral atom is called the first ionization energy, denoted by $I_1$. The energy required to eliminate the second electron from the monovalent anion is called the second ionization energy, denoted by $I_2$ and so on. Energy is always supplied to the atom so as to remove an electron from it so ionization energies have positive values.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The order of increasing first ionization energy of $\text{Cr}$, $\text{As}$, $\text{O}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The order of increasing first ionization energy of $\text{O}$, ${\text{O}}^{-}$, $\text{F}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).