
Interpretation:
The reason for greater first ionization energy of silicon than that of aluminium has to be determined with the help of effective nuclear charges.
Concept Introduction:
The energy that is needed to remove an electron from the isolated, neutral gaseous atom is known as ionization energy. It is represented by
The net positive charge that is experienced by the electrons present in the subshell of the atom is called the effective nuclear charge. It is represented by

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Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
- Using spectra attached, can the unknown be predicted? Draw the predicition. Please explain and provide steps. Molecular focrmula:C16H13ClOarrow_forwardCalculate the percent ionization for 0.0025 M phenol. Use the assumption to find [H3O+] first. K = 1.0 x 10-10arrow_forwardThe Ka for sodium dihydrogen phosphate is 6.32 x 10-8. Find the pH of a buffer made from 0.15 M H2PO4- and 0.25 M HPO42- .arrow_forward
- The Ka for lactic acid is 1.4 x 10-4. Find the pH of a buffer made from 0.066 M lactic acid and 0.088 M sodium lactate.arrow_forwardZaitsev's Rule 3) (a) Rank the following alkenes in order of decreasing stability. most stable A B C D > > > (b) Rank the following carbocations in order of decreasing stability least stable B C Darrow_forwardCalculate the pH of 0.25 M acetic acid.arrow_forward
- For each of the following reactions: Fill in the missing reactant, reagent, or product (s), indicating stereochemistry where appropriate using dashed and wedged bonds. If the reaction forms a racemic mixture, draw both structures in the box and write the word “racemic”.arrow_forward5) Using the carbon-containing starting material(s), propose a synthesis based on the following retrosynthetic analysis. Provide structures for all intermediates. The carbon atoms in the product must originate from the starting material(s), but you may use as many equivalents of each starting material as you would like, and any reagent/reaction you know (note: no mechanisms are required). H H =arrow_forwardCalculate the percent ionization for 0.0025 M phenol. Use the assumption to find [H3O+] first. K = 1.0 x 10-10arrow_forward
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