(a) Interpretation: Among acetaldehyde and propene, the one that has the higher boiling point is to be predicted. Concept introduction: The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles. The dipole moment is defined as the charge separation between two atoms in a covalent bond or between two ions in an ionic bond. It is used to determine the polarity of atoms or ions.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 8, Problem 8.13P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Among acetaldehyde and propene, the one that has the higher boiling point is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

The dipole moment is defined as the charge separation between two atoms in a covalent bond or between two ions in an ionic bond. It is used to determine the polarity of atoms or ions.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The location of the curve for aldehyde boiling points in the given Figure is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 8, Problem 8.13P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Among acetaldehyde and propene, the one that has the higher boiling point is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

The dipole moment is defined as the charge separation between two atoms in a covalent bond or between two ions in an ionic bond. It is used to determine the polarity of atoms or ions.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The location of the curve for aldehyde boiling points in the given Figure is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 8, Problem 8.13P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Among acetaldehyde and propene, the one that has the higher boiling point is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

The dipole moment is defined as the charge separation between two atoms in a covalent bond or between two ions in an ionic bond. It is used to determine the polarity of atoms or ions.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The location of the curve for aldehyde boiling points in the given Figure is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 8, Problem 8.13P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Among acetaldehyde and propene, the one that has the higher boiling point is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

The dipole moment is defined as the charge separation between two atoms in a covalent bond or between two ions in an ionic bond. It is used to determine the polarity of atoms or ions.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The location of the curve for aldehyde boiling points in the given Figure is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 8.13P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Among acetaldehyde and propene, the one that has the higher boiling point is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

The dipole moment is defined as the charge separation between two atoms in a covalent bond or between two ions in an ionic bond. It is used to determine the polarity of atoms or ions.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The location of the curve for aldehyde boiling points in the given Figure is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 8.13P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Among acetaldehyde and propene, the one that has the higher boiling point is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

The dipole moment is defined as the charge separation between two atoms in a covalent bond or between two ions in an ionic bond. It is used to determine the polarity of atoms or ions.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 8.13P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Among acetaldehyde and propene, the one that has the higher boiling point is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

The dipole moment is defined as the charge separation between two atoms in a covalent bond or between two ions in an ionic bond. It is used to determine the polarity of atoms or ions.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The location of the curve for aldehyde boiling points in the given Figure is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The location of the curve for aldehyde boiling points in the given Figure is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The boiling point is defined as a temperature at which the conversion of a liquid into a vapor state takes place. At this temperature, the liquid’s vapor pressure becomes equal to the external pressure surrounding the liquid. The boiling point of a molecule depends upon the interactions that result from permanent or induced dipoles.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.1P Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.2P Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.3P Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.4P Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.5P Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.6P Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.7P Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.8P Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.9P Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that acetaldehyde has the higher boiling point than propene due to higher interactions and polarity.

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