Chapter 8, Problem 8.102P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The names that the earthlings give to the elements should be deduced.

Concept introduction:

An element is a substance that can not be broken down into simpler components. It is made up of only one type of atoms. It is determined by the number of protons that are present in the nucleus of its atom. Hydrogen, silver, lead, gold, oxygen, nitrogen are some of the examples of elements.

The ionization energy is the amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound valence electrons from an isolated neutral gaseous atom. It is represented by $\text{IE}$.

Its value varies with the ease of removal of the outermost valence electron. If the outermost electron is removed very easily then the value of ionization energy is very small. If the electron is removed with quite a difficulty then the value of ionization energy will be very high.

When the first electron is removed from a neutral, isolated gaseous atom then the ionization energy is known as the first ionization energy $\left({\text{IE}}_1\right)$. Similarly, when the second electron is removed from the positively charged cation the ionization energy is called the second ionization energy $\left({\text{IE}}_2\right)$ and so on.