What would happen if bacteria containing a phage in prophage state are irradiated with UV light and c1 protein is degraded. Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To determine: What would happen if bacteria containing a phage in prophage state are irradiated with UV light and c1 protein is degraded.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

B.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the change due to UV irradiation can be reversed when UV light is switched off.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

C.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Why this response to UV light might have evolved.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

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19. On the diagram below a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA. b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing. c. Add the following details to the diagram. Promoter region TATA box Transcription start site Transcription terminator Intron (A,B,C,D) Exons (1,2,3,4,5) Splice sites 5' cap 5' UTR (untranslated region) 3' poly A tail 3' UTR (untranslated region) Translational start (AUG) Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA) N and C ends of polypeptide 0000

Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter labels are not used. MNNNNNNIN M C B A M D F E H K G 8

The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions. 1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction? 2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe: a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why? b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for? 3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale. 4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale. Mutation 1 Mutation 2

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To determine: What would happen if bacteria containing a phage in prophage state are irradiated with UV light and c1 protein is degraded.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

B.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the change due to UV irradiation can be reversed when UV light is switched off.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

C.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Why this response to UV light might have evolved.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To determine: What would happen if bacteria containing a phage in prophage state are irradiated with UV light and c1 protein is degraded.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

B.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the change due to UV irradiation can be reversed when UV light is switched off.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

C.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Why this response to UV light might have evolved.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To determine: What would happen if bacteria containing a phage in prophage state are irradiated with UV light and c1 protein is degraded.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

B.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the change due to UV irradiation can be reversed when UV light is switched off.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

C.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Why this response to UV light might have evolved.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To determine: What would happen if bacteria containing a phage in prophage state are irradiated with UV light and c1 protein is degraded.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

B.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the change due to UV irradiation can be reversed when UV light is switched off.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

C.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Why this response to UV light might have evolved.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To determine: What would happen if bacteria containing a phage in prophage state are irradiated with UV light and c1 protein is degraded.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 4Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To determine: What would happen if bacteria containing a phage in prophage state are irradiated with UV light and c1 protein is degraded.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

Answer 8

B.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the change due to UV irradiation can be reversed when UV light is switched off.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

Answer 9

B.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the change due to UV irradiation can be reversed when UV light is switched off.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

Answer 10

C.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Why this response to UV light might have evolved.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

Answer 11

C.

Summary Introduction

To determine: Why this response to UV light might have evolved.

Introduction: When bacteriophages infect a host cell, their DNA follows two fates in the form of lytic and lysogenic cycles. Lytic cycle refers to generation of new phages and lysis of a cell. Lysogeny also known as prophage stage refers to integration of phage in the host’s genome where it replicates with host DNA over many generations. These are controlled by c1 and Cro transcription regulators encoded by virus.

Answer 12

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 8 - Prob. 1Q Ch. 8 - Prob. 2Q Ch. 8 - Prob. 3Q Ch. 8 - Prob. 4Q Ch. 8 - Prob. 5Q Ch. 8 - Prob. 6Q Ch. 8 - Prob. 7Q Ch. 8 - Prob. 8Q Ch. 8 - Prob. 9Q Ch. 8 - Prob. 10Q

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