CHEMISTRY THE CENTRAL SCIENCE >EBOOK<
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780136873891
Author: Brown
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 22E
NaCI and KF have the same crystal structure. The only difference between the two is the distance that separates cations and anions.
- The lattice energies of NaCI and KF are given in Table 8.1. Based on the lattice energies, would you expect the Na-C1 or the K-F distance to be longer?
- Use the ionic radii given in Figure 7.8 to estimate the Na-Cl and K-F distances.
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1. Below is a list of enthalpy changes for the Born-Haber cycle for the formation of solid LiF from Li(s) and F(g). Use these data to determine the lattice energy for the formation LiF(s). Li(s) → Li(g) ΔH1 = +162 kJ/mol Li(g) → Li+(g) + e- ΔH2 = +520.2 kJ/molF2(g) → 2F(g) ΔH3 = 154 kJ/mol F(g) + e- → F-(g) ΔH4 = -328 kJ/molLi(s) + 1/2F2(g) → LiF(s) ΔHf = -612 kJ/mol
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a. 1371 kJ/mol
b. -1371 kJ/mol
c. 1043 kJ/mol
d. -1043 kJ/mol
Estimate the ionic radius of Cs+. The lattice energy of CsCl is 633 kJ/mol. For CsCl the Madelungconstant, M, is 1.763, and the Born exponent, n, is 10.7. The ionic radius of Cl– is known to be 1.81 Å
Consider an ionic compound, MX3, composed of generic metal M and generic gaseous halogen X.
The enthalpy of formation of MX3 is Δ?∘f=−925 kJ/mol.
The enthalpy of sublimation of M is Δ?sub=175 kJ/mol.
The first, second, and third ionization energies of M are IE1=579 kJ/mol, IE2=1677 kJ/mol, and IE3=2479 kJ/mol.
The electron affinity of X is Δ?EA=−369 kJ/mol. (Refer to the hint).
The bond energy of X2 is BE=179 kJ/mol.
Determine the lattice energy of MX3.
Chapter 8 Solutions
CHEMISTRY THE CENTRAL SCIENCE >EBOOK<
Ch. 8.2 - Which of the these elements is most likely to from...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 8.1.2PECh. 8.2 - Which of the following bond is the most polar? H-F...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 8.2.2PECh. 8.3 - Prob. 8.3.1PECh. 8.3 - Prob. 8.3.2PECh. 8.4 - Which of the following bonds is the most polar? a....Ch. 8.4 - Which of the following bonds is most polar: S-Cl,...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 8.5.1PECh. 8.4 - The dipole moment of chlorine monofluoride,...
Ch. 8.5 - Which of the these molecules has a Lewis structure...Ch. 8.5 -
How many valence electrons should appear in the...Ch. 8.5 - Compare the lewis symbol for neon the structure...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 8.7.2PECh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.8.1PECh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.8.2PECh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.9.1PECh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.9.2PECh. 8.6 - Which of the statements about resonance is true?...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 8.10.2PECh. 8.7 - Prob. 8.11.1PECh. 8.7 - Prob. 8.11.2PECh. 8 - Prob. 1DECh. 8 - Prob. 1ECh. 8 - Prob. 2ECh. 8 - A portion of a two-dimensional "slab" of NaCl(s)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4ECh. 8 - Prob. 5ECh. 8 - Incomplete Lewis structures for the nitrous acid...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7ECh. 8 - Prob. 8ECh. 8 - Prob. 9ECh. 8 - True or false: The hydrogen atom is most stable...Ch. 8 - Consider the element silicon, Si. Write its...Ch. 8 - Write the electron configuration for the element...Ch. 8 - Prob. 13ECh. 8 - What is the Lewis symbol for each of the following...Ch. 8 - Using Lewis symbols, diagram the reaction between...Ch. 8 - Use Lewis symbols to represent the reaction that...Ch. 8 - Predict the chemical formula of the ionic compound...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18ECh. 8 - Prob. 19ECh. 8 - Prob. 20ECh. 8 - Is lattice energy usually endothermic or...Ch. 8 - NaCI and KF have the same crystal structure. The...Ch. 8 - Prob. 23ECh. 8 - Prob. 24ECh. 8 - Consider the ionic compounds KF, NaCl, NaBr, and...Ch. 8 - Which of the following trends in lattice energy is...Ch. 8 - Energy is required to remove two electrons from Ca...Ch. 8 - Prob. 28ECh. 8 - Use data from Appendix C, Figure 7.10, and Figure...Ch. 8 - Prob. 30ECh. 8 - Prob. 31ECh. 8 - Prob. 32ECh. 8 - Using Lewis symbols and Lewis structures, diagram...Ch. 8 - Use Lewis symbols and Lewis structures to diagram...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35ECh. 8 - Prob. 36ECh. 8 - Prob. 37ECh. 8 - What is the trend in electronegativity going from...Ch. 8 - Prob. 39ECh. 8 - By referring only to the periodic table, select...Ch. 8 - which of the following bonds are polar? B-F,...Ch. 8 - Arrange the bonds in each of the following sets in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 43ECh. 8 - Prob. 44ECh. 8 - In the following pairs of binary compounds,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46ECh. 8 - Prob. 47ECh. 8 - Write Lewis structures for the following: H2CO...Ch. 8 - Prob. 49ECh. 8 - Draw the dominant Lewis structure for the...Ch. 8 - Write Lewis structures that obey the octet rule...Ch. 8 - Prob. 52ECh. 8 - Prob. 53ECh. 8 - Prob. 54ECh. 8 - Prob. 55ECh. 8 - Prob. 56ECh. 8 - Prob. 57ECh. 8 - Prob. 58ECh. 8 - Prob. 59ECh. 8 - Prob. 60ECh. 8 - Prob. 61ECh. 8 - 8.62 For Group 3A-7A elements in the third row of...Ch. 8 - Draw the Lewis structures for each of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 64ECh. 8 - In the vapor phase, BeCl2exists as a discrete...Ch. 8 -
8.66
Describe the molecule xenon trioxide, XeO3,...Ch. 8 -
8.67 There are many Lewis structures you could...Ch. 8 - Prob. 68ECh. 8 - Using Table 8.3, estimate H for each of the...Ch. 8 - Using Table 8.3, estimate H for the following...Ch. 8 - State whether each of these statements is true or...Ch. 8 - Prob. 72ECh. 8 - Prob. 73ECh. 8 - Prob. 74ECh. 8 - Prob. 75ECh. 8 - Prob. 76ECh. 8 - A new compound is made that has a C-C bond length...Ch. 8 - A new compound is made that has an N-N bond length...Ch. 8 - Prob. 79AECh. 8 - Prob. 80AECh. 8 - An ionic substance of formula MX has a lattice...Ch. 8 - Prob. 82AECh. 8 - Prob. 83AECh. 8 - Prob. 84AECh. 8 - Consider the collection of nonmetallic elements 0,...Ch. 8 - The substance chlorine monoxide, CIO(g), is...Ch. 8 -
[8.87]
a. using the electronegativities of Br...Ch. 8 - Prob. 88AECh. 8 - Although I3- is a known ion, F3- is not. a. Draw...Ch. 8 - Calculate the formal charge on the indicated atom...Ch. 8 - The hypochlorite ion, CIO- , is the active...Ch. 8 - Prob. 92AECh. 8 - a. Triazine, C3 H3N3, is like benzene except that...Ch. 8 - Prob. 94IECh. 8 - Prob. 95IECh. 8 - Prob. 96IECh. 8 - Prob. 97IECh. 8 - Prob. 98IECh. 8 - Prob. 99IECh. 8 - Prob. 100IECh. 8 - Prob. 101IECh. 8 - Prob. 102IECh. 8 -
8.103 The compound chloral hydrate, known in...Ch. 8 - Barium azide is 62.04% Ba and 37.96% N. Each azide...Ch. 8 - Acetylene (C2H2) and nitrogen (N2) both contain a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 106IECh. 8 - Prob. 107IECh. 8 -
8.108 Formic acid has the chemical formula...Ch. 8 - Prob. 109IECh. 8 - Prob. 110IE
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- Using the following data, calculate the lattice energy of calcium chloride: Ca2+(g) + 2Cl– (g) → CaCl2(s) ΔHlattice = ? Sublimation enthalpy of calcium ΔH = 177.8 kJ/mol First ionization energy of calcium ΔH = 590.2 kJ/mol Second ionization energy of calcium ΔH = 1144.2 kJ/mol First electron affinity of chlorine ΔH = –349 kJ/mol Heat of formation of CaCl2(s) ΔH = –795.4 kJ/mol Bond energy of Cl2 (see Table 2) Use Hess’s law to calculate the lattice energy of calcium chloride. set-up must show all the chemical equations and you must show how their H values add up to give your answer.arrow_forwardbased on the following information calculate the approximate lattice energy of XCl2.X is 3x larger than Na+. The lattice energy for NaCl is 787kj/molearrow_forwardSuppose a chemist discovers a new metallic element and names it "Xhaustium" (Xh).Xh exhibits chemical behaviour similar to an alkaline earth. Xh(s) + F2(g) → XhF2(s) Lattice energy for XhF2 -2140. kJ/mol First Ionization energy of Xh 310. kJ/mol Second Ionization energy of Xh 589 kJ/mol Electron affinity of F -327.8 kJ/mol Bond energy of F2 154 kJ/mol Enthalpy of sublimation (atomization) of Xh 150. kJ/mol Use the above data to calculate ΔH°f for Xhaustium fluoride. Your answer must be accurate and precise to the nearest 1 kJ/mol, as are the given parameters.arrow_forward
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- Calculate the lattice energy of NaCl(s) using the following thermodynamic data (all data is in kJ/mol). Note that the data given has been perturbed, so looking up the answer is probably not a good idea. Na(s) ΔHsublimation = 88 kJ/mol Na(g) Ionization energy = 476 kJ/mol Cl-Cl(g) Bond energy = 223 kJ/mol Cl(g) Electron affinity = -369 kJ/mol NaCl(s) ΔH°f = -431 kJ/mol ____________ kJ/molarrow_forward9. Given the information below, determine the lattice energy of MgCl2. Mg(s) - Mg(g) DH°f = +147.1 kJ/mol ½ Cl2(g) – CI(g) DH2°f = +122 kJ/mol Mg(g) – Mg*(g) DH3°t = +738 kJ/mol Mg*(g) Mg* (g) DH4°F = +1450 kJ/mol Cl(g) - Cl (g) DH5°f = -349 kJ/mol Mg(s) + Cl2(g) – MgCl2(s) DH6°r = -641 kJ/molarrow_forwarduppose a chemist discovers a new metallic element and names it "Xiguum" (Xi).Xi exhibits chemical behaviour similar to an alkaline earth. Xi(s) + Cl2(g) → XiCl2(s) Lattice energy for XiCl2 -1900. kJ/mol First Ionization energy of Xi 400. kJ/mol Second Ionization energy of Xi 680. kJ/mol Electron affinity of Cl -348.7 kJ/mol Bond energy of Cl2 239 kJ/mol Enthalpy of sublimation (atomization) of Xi 150. kJ/mol Use the above data to calculate ΔH°f for Xiguum chloride.arrow_forward
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