Chapter 8, Problem 1P

For each of the terms in the left column, choose the best matching phrase in the right column

a.	codon	1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
b.	colinearity	2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
c.	reading frame	3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
d.	frameshift mutation	4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
e.	degeneracy of the genetic code	5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
f.	nonsense codon	6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
g.	initiation codon	7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
h.	template strand	8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
i.	RNA-like strand	9.	AUG in a particular context
j.	intron	10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
k.	RNA splicing	11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
l.	transcription	12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
m.	translation	13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
n.	alternative splicing	14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
o.	charged tRNA	15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
p.	Reverse transcription	16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “codon” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Codon can be defined as the group or collection of three continuous nitrogenous bases.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Codon: A group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid

Explanation of Solution

Codon is a sequence of three nucleotides which are complementary to the nucleotides present in DNA or RNA. Each codon adds a specific amino acid for the synthesis of protein.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “colinearity” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Colinearity is a type of order of sequence with respect to the another sequence in the linear order.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Colinearity: The linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene

Explanation of Solution

Colinearity is the arrangement of a sequence in the same order to another sequence in linearity. This means that the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide match with the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “reading frame” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Reading frame is the defined set of order of nucleotide sequnces in the direction of their reading structures.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Reading frame: The grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons

Explanation of Solution

Reading frame is the grouping of mRNA bases in three which can be read as codons.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “frameshift mutation” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Insertion or deletion of the particular nucleotide bases in a given base sequence results in the frameshift type of mutation.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Frameshift mutation: Addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence

Explanation of Solution

Frameshift mutation is the mutation which occurs because of addition or deletion of bases in the DNA of a gene.

Summary Introduction

e.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “degeneracy of the codon” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Degeneracy of the codon simply means that one amino acid can be specified by more than one codon.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Degeneracy of the genetic code: Most amino acids are not specified by a single codon

Explanation of Solution

Degeneracy of the genetic code is referred to the different codons for one amino acid. There are some amino acids which are coded by more than one codon.

Summary Introduction

f.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “nonsense codon” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Nonsense codons are not involved in the coding of any type of amino acids. These are the termination codons that are used for the termination of the process.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Nonsense codon: UAA, UGA, or UAG

Explanation of Solution

Nonsense codons are the type of codons which do not have normal tRNA molecule. These codons terminate the process of protein synthesis. There are three types of nonsense codons and are UAG, UAA, and UGA.

Summary Introduction

g.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “initiation codon” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Initiation codon is the sequence of three nucleotides named as A, U, and G. It is the site from which process of translation starts.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Initiation codon: AUG in a particular context

Explanation of Solution

AUG is an initiation codon. It is the codon from where the process of translation starts on the mRNA transcript.

Summary Introduction

h.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “template strand” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Template strand is the coding strand which is used for the synthesis of the messenger ribonucleic acid.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Template strand: The strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript

Explanation of Solution

Template strand is the strand of DNA which is responsible for the synthesis of mRNA strand. It has complementary sequences to the primary transcript.

Summary Introduction

i.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “RNA-like strand” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

RNA like strand is the strand that possesses almost same sequence as of the primary transcript.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

RNA-like strand: The strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript

Explanation of Solution

RNA-like strand is the strand of the DNA which has the same base sequences as the primary transcript.

Summary Introduction

j.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “intron” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Introns are the noncoding regions that are not involved in the synthesis of any type of amino acid.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Intron: A sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA

Explanation of Solution

Introns are the sequences of base pairs present in a gene that is not functional. They are not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA transcript.

Summary Introduction

k.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “RNA splicing” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

RNA splicing is the process of modification of RNA during which removal of introns are carried out.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

RNA splicing: Removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript

Explanation of Solution

RNA splicing is the process which involves removal of the base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript.

Summary Introduction

l.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “transcription” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

A process of conversion of DNA to the messenger RNA is referred to as the process of transcription.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Transcription: Using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA

Explanation of Solution

Transcription is the process in which RNA strand is produced over DNA template. The process uses the information present in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA strand.

Summary Introduction

m.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “translation” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

A process of conversion of messenger RNA into the functional protein is referred to as the process of translation.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Translation: Using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule.

Explanation of Solution

Translation is the process of protein synthesis. A polypeptide is formed from the mRNA strand by using the information present in the nucleotides of mRNA.

Summary Introduction

n.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “alternative splicing” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

When different types of mature ribonucleic acid can be produced with the help of single transcript, the process is called alternative splicing.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Alternative splicing: Produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript

Explanation of Solution

Alternative splicing is the process that produces different mRNA transcript from the same primary transcript.

Summary Introduction

o.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “charged tRNA” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

Charged transfer RNA molecule is that to which a functinal amino acid has been attached.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

charged tRNA: A transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached

Explanation of Solution

Charged tRNA is a transfer RNA molecule. It carries the correct amino acid that is attached to the mRNA transcript for protein synthesis.

Summary Introduction

p.

To determine:

The phrase that describes “reverse” among the options given below.

1.	removing base sequences corresponding to introns from the primary transcript
2.	UAA, UGA, or UAG
3.	the strand of DNA that has the same base sequence as the primary transcript
4.	a transfer RNA molecule to which the appropriate amino acid has been attached
5.	a group of three mRNA bases genetic code signifying one amino acid
6.	most amino acids are not specified by a single codon
7.	using the information in the nucleotide sequence of a strand of DNA to specify the nucleotide sequence of a strand of RNA
8.	the grouping of mRNA bases in threes to be read as codons
9.	AUG in a particular context
10.	the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide corresponds to the linear sequence of nucleotide pairs in the gene
11.	produces different mature mRNAs from the same primary transcript
12.	addition or deletion of a number of base pairs other than three into the coding sequence
13.	a sequence of base pairs within a gene that is not represented by any bases in the mature mRNA
14.	the strand of DNA having the base sequence complementary to that of the primary transcript
15.	using the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide molecule
16.	copying RNA into DNA transcription

Introduction:

When DNA is produced from the information stored in the RNA, the process is referred to as reverse transcription.

Answer to Problem 1P

Correct answer:

Reverse transcription: Copying RNA into DNA transcription

Explanation of Solution

Reverse transcription is the process in which the information of RNA is copied into the strand of DNA. The process is catalyzed by reverse transcriptase enzyme.