Identification of three brain regions formed during the middle of fourth week, and five brain regions by the fifth week of gestation. Introduction: The study about structures and functions of the central nervous system needs basic knowledge as development of the same begins from an embryonic stage in humans. The embryo in its early stage consists of an embryonic tissue layer called an ectoderm. This groove gets deeper day by day and by twentieth day, it gets fused and forms a neural tube.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1CP

Summary Introduction

To review:

Identification of three brain regions formed during the middle of fourth week, and five brain regions by the fifth week of gestation.

Introduction:

The study about structures and functions of the central nervous system needs basic knowledge as development of the same begins from an embryonic stage in humans. The embryo in its early stage consists of an embryonic tissue layer called an ectoderm. This groove gets deeper day by day and by twentieth day, it gets fused and forms a neural tube.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The portion of the ectoderm in which, the fusion occurs becomes the neural crest and it is situated between the neural tube and the surface of ectoderm. By the middle of fourth week, after conception, three swellings are formed on the anterior end of neural tube namely, forebrain or prosencephalon, midbrain or mesencephalon, and hindbrain or rhombencephalon.

By the fifth week, the area gets developed and modified to form five regions. The forebrain further gets divided into telencephalon and diencephalon. There is no change in the mesencephalon. And, the hind brain divides into metencephalon and myelencephalon. There are greater chances of advanced modifications in the later stages of human development.

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A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation? The cell membranes are more resistant than normal. An isotonic solution had been added instead of water. A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water. Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet. The man had sickle-cell anaemia.

With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobin

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1CP

Summary Introduction

To review:

Identification of three brain regions formed during the middle of fourth week, and five brain regions by the fifth week of gestation.

Introduction:

The study about structures and functions of the central nervous system needs basic knowledge as development of the same begins from an embryonic stage in humans. The embryo in its early stage consists of an embryonic tissue layer called an ectoderm. This groove gets deeper day by day and by twentieth day, it gets fused and forms a neural tube.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The portion of the ectoderm in which, the fusion occurs becomes the neural crest and it is situated between the neural tube and the surface of ectoderm. By the middle of fourth week, after conception, three swellings are formed on the anterior end of neural tube namely, forebrain or prosencephalon, midbrain or mesencephalon, and hindbrain or rhombencephalon.

By the fifth week, the area gets developed and modified to form five regions. The forebrain further gets divided into telencephalon and diencephalon. There is no change in the mesencephalon. And, the hind brain divides into metencephalon and myelencephalon. There are greater chances of advanced modifications in the later stages of human development.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1CP

Summary Introduction

To review:

Identification of three brain regions formed during the middle of fourth week, and five brain regions by the fifth week of gestation.

Introduction:

The study about structures and functions of the central nervous system needs basic knowledge as development of the same begins from an embryonic stage in humans. The embryo in its early stage consists of an embryonic tissue layer called an ectoderm. This groove gets deeper day by day and by twentieth day, it gets fused and forms a neural tube.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The portion of the ectoderm in which, the fusion occurs becomes the neural crest and it is situated between the neural tube and the surface of ectoderm. By the middle of fourth week, after conception, three swellings are formed on the anterior end of neural tube namely, forebrain or prosencephalon, midbrain or mesencephalon, and hindbrain or rhombencephalon.

By the fifth week, the area gets developed and modified to form five regions. The forebrain further gets divided into telencephalon and diencephalon. There is no change in the mesencephalon. And, the hind brain divides into metencephalon and myelencephalon. There are greater chances of advanced modifications in the later stages of human development.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1CP

Summary Introduction

To review:

Identification of three brain regions formed during the middle of fourth week, and five brain regions by the fifth week of gestation.

Introduction:

The study about structures and functions of the central nervous system needs basic knowledge as development of the same begins from an embryonic stage in humans. The embryo in its early stage consists of an embryonic tissue layer called an ectoderm. This groove gets deeper day by day and by twentieth day, it gets fused and forms a neural tube.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The portion of the ectoderm in which, the fusion occurs becomes the neural crest and it is situated between the neural tube and the surface of ectoderm. By the middle of fourth week, after conception, three swellings are formed on the anterior end of neural tube namely, forebrain or prosencephalon, midbrain or mesencephalon, and hindbrain or rhombencephalon.

By the fifth week, the area gets developed and modified to form five regions. The forebrain further gets divided into telencephalon and diencephalon. There is no change in the mesencephalon. And, the hind brain divides into metencephalon and myelencephalon. There are greater chances of advanced modifications in the later stages of human development.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 1CP

Summary Introduction

To review:

Identification of three brain regions formed during the middle of fourth week, and five brain regions by the fifth week of gestation.

Introduction:

The study about structures and functions of the central nervous system needs basic knowledge as development of the same begins from an embryonic stage in humans. The embryo in its early stage consists of an embryonic tissue layer called an ectoderm. This groove gets deeper day by day and by twentieth day, it gets fused and forms a neural tube.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The portion of the ectoderm in which, the fusion occurs becomes the neural crest and it is situated between the neural tube and the surface of ectoderm. By the middle of fourth week, after conception, three swellings are formed on the anterior end of neural tube namely, forebrain or prosencephalon, midbrain or mesencephalon, and hindbrain or rhombencephalon.

By the fifth week, the area gets developed and modified to form five regions. The forebrain further gets divided into telencephalon and diencephalon. There is no change in the mesencephalon. And, the hind brain divides into metencephalon and myelencephalon. There are greater chances of advanced modifications in the later stages of human development.

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 1CP

Summary Introduction

To review:

Identification of three brain regions formed during the middle of fourth week, and five brain regions by the fifth week of gestation.

Introduction:

The study about structures and functions of the central nervous system needs basic knowledge as development of the same begins from an embryonic stage in humans. The embryo in its early stage consists of an embryonic tissue layer called an ectoderm. This groove gets deeper day by day and by twentieth day, it gets fused and forms a neural tube.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The portion of the ectoderm in which, the fusion occurs becomes the neural crest and it is situated between the neural tube and the surface of ectoderm. By the middle of fourth week, after conception, three swellings are formed on the anterior end of neural tube namely, forebrain or prosencephalon, midbrain or mesencephalon, and hindbrain or rhombencephalon.

By the fifth week, the area gets developed and modified to form five regions. The forebrain further gets divided into telencephalon and diencephalon. There is no change in the mesencephalon. And, the hind brain divides into metencephalon and myelencephalon. There are greater chances of advanced modifications in the later stages of human development.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 1CP

Summary Introduction

To review:

Identification of three brain regions formed during the middle of fourth week, and five brain regions by the fifth week of gestation.

Introduction:

The study about structures and functions of the central nervous system needs basic knowledge as development of the same begins from an embryonic stage in humans. The embryo in its early stage consists of an embryonic tissue layer called an ectoderm. This groove gets deeper day by day and by twentieth day, it gets fused and forms a neural tube.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The portion of the ectoderm in which, the fusion occurs becomes the neural crest and it is situated between the neural tube and the surface of ectoderm. By the middle of fourth week, after conception, three swellings are formed on the anterior end of neural tube namely, forebrain or prosencephalon, midbrain or mesencephalon, and hindbrain or rhombencephalon.

By the fifth week, the area gets developed and modified to form five regions. The forebrain further gets divided into telencephalon and diencephalon. There is no change in the mesencephalon. And, the hind brain divides into metencephalon and myelencephalon. There are greater chances of advanced modifications in the later stages of human development.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Ch. 8 - Prob. 1CP Ch. 8 - Describe the embryonic origin of the brain...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3aCP Ch. 8 - Describe the locations and functions of the basal...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4aCP Ch. 8 - Prob. 4bCP Ch. 8 - Prob. 5CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 6CP Ch. 8 - Prob. 7aCP Ch. 8 - Prob. 7bCP

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