Biology (MindTap Course List)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781285423586
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 10TYU
Which of the following is a correct ranking of molecules with respect to their energy value in glycolysis (note: > means “greater than”)? (a) two pyruvates > one glucose (b) one glucose > one fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (c) two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphates (G3P) > one glucose (d) two pyruvates > one fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (e) two pyruvates > two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphates (G3P)
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 8.1 - Write a summary reaction for aerobic respiration...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 8.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 8.2 - Add up the energy captured (as ATP, NADH, and...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 6LOCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2C
Ch. 8.2 - What are the roles of NAD+, FAD, and oxygen in...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 4CCh. 8.3 - Summarize how the products of protein and lipid...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 8.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 8.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 8.4 - Compare and contrast anaerobic respiration and...Ch. 8.4 - What is the fate of hydrogen atoms removed from...Ch. 8.4 - What accounts for the ATP yield of fermentation...Ch. 8.4 - Is chemiosmosis involved in fermentation? in...Ch. 8 - A chemical process during which a substance gains...Ch. 8 - The reactions of _____ take place within the...Ch. 8 - Before pyruvate enters the citric acid cycle, it...Ch. 8 - In the first step of the citric acid cycle, an...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is the major source of...Ch. 8 - The aerobic part of aerobic cellular respiration...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 8 - A net profit of only 2 ATPs can be produced...Ch. 8 - When deprived of oxygen, yeast cells obtain energy...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is a correct ranking of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 8 - CONNECT Explain why the proton gradient formed...Ch. 8 - CONNECT How are the endergonic reactions of the...Ch. 8 - PREDICT Could the inner mitochondrial membrane...Ch. 8 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 8 - Prob. 16TYUCh. 8 - EVOLUTION LINK The reactions of glycolysis are...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18TYU
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- In metabolism, glucose-6- phosphate (G6P) can be used for glycogen synthesis or for glycolysis, among other fates. What does it cost, in terms of ATP equivalents, to store G6P as glycogen, rather than to use it for energy in glycolysis? Hint: The branched structure of glycogen leads to 90% of glucose residues being released as glucose1-phosphate and 10% as glucose.arrow_forwardIndicate the energy yield or cost, in ATP equivalents, for the following processes: (a) glycogen (3 residues) → 6 pyruvate. (b) 3 glucose → 6 pyruvate(c) 6 pyruvate → 3 glucose.arrow_forwardWhich of the following molecules controls the metabolic flow through both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis? fructose-2,6-bisphosphate O pyruvate O 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate O Glucose-6-phosphate O lactic acid O citrate Which of the following enzymes plays a role in controlling the the half-life of CGMP? O CGMP phosphodiesterase O CGMP phosphatase O CGMP half-life controlling enzyme O CGMP kinase O CGMP phosphorylasearrow_forward
- Which of the following is the correct summary of phase II of glycolysis for each molecule of glucose? Glucose + ATP ⟶ Glyceraldehy-3-phosphate + ADP Glucose + 2 ATP ⟶ 2(Glyceraldehy-3-phosphate) + 2 ADP Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD+ + ADP + Pi ⟶ 3-phosphoglycerate + NADH + H+ + ATP 2(3-phosphoglycerate) + 2ADP ⟶ 2 pyruvate + 2ATP 2(Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) + 2NAD+ + 2ADP + 2Pi ⟶ 2(3-phosphoglycerate) + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2ATParrow_forwardIn which of the following metabolic conversions is ATP “generated” during glycolysis? Phosphoenolpyruvate -> pyruvate 2-Phosphoglycerate —> Phosphoenolpyruvate Glucose-6-phosphate —> Fructose-6-phosphate Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate —> Dihydroxyacetone phosphate + Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Fructose-6-phosphate —> Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatearrow_forwardIn which of the following metabolic conversions is ATP “generated” during glycolysis? Glucose —> Glucose-6-phosphate 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate —> 3-Phosphoglycerate Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate —> Dihydroxyacetone phosphate + Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate —> Fructose-6-phosphate 2-Phosphoglycerate —> 3-Phosphoglyceratearrow_forward
- The glucose/glucose-6-phosphate substrate cycle involves distinct reactions of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis that interconvert these two metabolites. Assume that under physiological conditions, [ATP] = [ADP]; [P;] = 1 mM. Consider the glycolytic reaction catalyzed by hexokinase: ATP + glucose ADP + glucose-6-phosphate AG = - 16.7 kJ/mol (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant (K) for this reaction at 298°K, and from that, calculate the maximum [glucose-6-phosphate]/ Iglucose] ratio that would exist under conditions where the reaction is still thermodynamically favorable. (b) Reversal of this interconversion in gluconeogenesis is catalyzed by glucose-6-phosphatase: glucose-6-phosphate + H20 = glucose + P AG" = -13.8 kJ/molarrow_forwardUpon digestion of starch, isomaltose (an isomer of maltose), one of its degradation products, is further hydrolyzed into its monosaccharide components prior to intestinal absorption and entry into the glycolysis. Calculate the number of ATP molecules produced from the digestion and complete oxidation of 4 molecules of isomaltose considering the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle. Answer the following items using numerical value only (e.g. 1, not "1 ATP") which will help you arrive at the final answer for this question. a. Total number of glucose molecules entering glycolysis: b. Total number of pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis: c. Total number of mitochondrial NADH produced after pyruvate is acted upon by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: d. Total number of CO, released right after the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction: e. Total number of acetyl CoA molecules entering the citric acid cycle:arrow_forwardWhen fructose present in either liver or muscle undergoes glycolysis to form pyruvate, how many moles of ATP are consumed to activate it? 1 2 4 none b When glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate undergoes glycolysis to form pyruvate, how many moles of ATP are produced? 1 2 4 none c When fructose undergoes glycolysis to form two moles of pyruvate, how many moles of ATP are produced? 1 2 4 none d Is there a difference in the way fructose is metabolized in the liver versus in muscle tissue? yes noarrow_forward
- The overall reactions for gluconeogenesis and glycolysis are given below. What is the energy cost (in ATP equivalents) of transforming one molecule of glucose to pyruvate (via glycolysis) and back to glucose (via gluconeogenesis)? Gluconeogenesis: 2 pyruvate + 4 ATP + 2 GTP + 2NADH + 4H₂O Glycolysis: Glucose + 2ADP + 2P₁ + 2NAD+ - 2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2H₂000 Select one: O a. 2 ATP O b. 4 ATP O c. 6 ATP O d. 8 ATP Prev Page glucose + 4ADP + 2GDP + 2P₁ + 2NAD+ + 2H+ MI 21 22 00:508D DAD 1=1 SE 30: DONDOK 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Report question issue B Next Page Garrow_forwardOnly the one question displayed is neededarrow_forward[1,6-(C-14)-2,5-(C-13)]glucose Trace the course of through glycolysis and the TCA cycle. You need only to illustrate the structures of D-glucose, labeling the atoms, and of pyruvate, labeling the origin of the atoms in glucose and the distribution of the carbon isotopes in pyruvate. After one round of the TCA cycle where will the labeled carbons be found?arrow_forward
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