The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point. Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified. Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule. Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.7B, Problem 7.11P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The stability of the given compounds and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable.

Interpretation: The stability of the given compound is to be determined and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The stability of alkenes depends on the structure of alkene. The energy of alkene is measured by their heat of hydrogenation. More the heat of hydrogenation, more stable is the alkene.

Heat of hydrogenation of an alkene is the standard enthalpy for the catalytic hydrogenation of the alkene. The value of heat of hydrogenation is always negative.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.7B, Problem 7.11P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The stability of the given compounds and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable.

Interpretation: The stability of the given compound is to be determined and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The stability of alkenes depends on the structure of alkene. The energy of alkene is measured by their heat of hydrogenation. More the heat of hydrogenation, more stable is the alkene.

Heat of hydrogenation of an alkene is the standard enthalpy for the catalytic hydrogenation of the alkene. The value of heat of hydrogenation is always negative.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.7B, Problem 7.11P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The stability of the given compounds and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable.

Interpretation: The stability of the given compound is to be determined and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The stability of alkenes depends on the structure of alkene. The energy of alkene is measured by their heat of hydrogenation. More the heat of hydrogenation, more stable is the alkene.

Heat of hydrogenation of an alkene is the standard enthalpy for the catalytic hydrogenation of the alkene. The value of heat of hydrogenation is always negative.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.7B, Problem 7.11P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The stability of the given compounds and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable.

Interpretation: The stability of the given compound is to be determined and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The stability of alkenes depends on the structure of alkene. The energy of alkene is measured by their heat of hydrogenation. More the heat of hydrogenation, more stable is the alkene.

Heat of hydrogenation of an alkene is the standard enthalpy for the catalytic hydrogenation of the alkene. The value of heat of hydrogenation is always negative.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7.7B, Problem 7.11P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The stability of the given compounds and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable.

Interpretation: The stability of the given compound is to be determined and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The stability of alkenes depends on the structure of alkene. The energy of alkene is measured by their heat of hydrogenation. More the heat of hydrogenation, more stable is the alkene.

Heat of hydrogenation of an alkene is the standard enthalpy for the catalytic hydrogenation of the alkene. The value of heat of hydrogenation is always negative.

Answer 6

Chapter 7.7B, Problem 7.11P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

Answer 7

Chapter 7.7B, Problem 7.11P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point.

Interpretation: The compound that has zero dipole moment and higher boiling point is to be identified.

Concept introduction: The dipole moment gives the polarity of the compound due to polarity difference of the atoms of the compound. It gives the charge separation of the molecule.

Larger the difference in the electronegativies of the atoms, larger is the dipole moment of the molecule. The compound that has high dipole moments has high boiling point due to presence of dipole-dipole attraction.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The stability of the given compounds and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable.

Interpretation: The stability of the given compound is to be determined and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The stability of alkenes depends on the structure of alkene. The energy of alkene is measured by their heat of hydrogenation. More the heat of hydrogenation, more stable is the alkene.

Heat of hydrogenation of an alkene is the standard enthalpy for the catalytic hydrogenation of the alkene. The value of heat of hydrogenation is always negative.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The stability of the given compounds and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable.

Interpretation: The stability of the given compound is to be determined and the amount of energy that makes one of them stable is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The stability of alkenes depends on the structure of alkene. The energy of alkene is measured by their heat of hydrogenation. More the heat of hydrogenation, more stable is the alkene.

Heat of hydrogenation of an alkene is the standard enthalpy for the catalytic hydrogenation of the alkene. The value of heat of hydrogenation is always negative.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 7.3A - Prob. 7.1P Ch. 7.3A - Prob. 7.2P Ch. 7.3B - Draw five more compounds of formula C4H6NOC1.Ch. 7.3B - For each of the following molecular formulas,...Ch. 7.4 - Give the systematic (IUPAC) names of the following...Ch. 7.5B - The following names are all incorrect. Draw the...Ch. 7.5B - Prob. 7.8P Ch. 7.5B - a. How many stereogcmc double bonds are in...Ch. 7.6 - Teflon-coated frying pans routinely endure...Ch. 7.7B - Prob. 7.11P

Solution Summary: The author analyzes the structure of the compounds with dipole notations.

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