Chapter 7.3, Problem 2CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rate for the given reaction should be analyzed for the given conditions.

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration. Rate of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present.

$\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]\text{×}\left[\text{nucleophile}\right]$

Structure of the substrate plays a major role in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor

Second-Order rate reaction: It is a type of chemical reaction in which the reaction depends on concentration of one second order reactant or both the first order reactants involved in the reaction.

 (b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rate for the given reaction should be analyzed for the given conditions.

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration. Rate of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present.

$\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]\text{×}\left[\text{nucleophile}\right]$

Structure of the substrate plays a major role in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor

Second-Order rate reaction: It is a type of chemical reaction in which the reaction depends on concentration of one second order reactant or both the first order reactants involved in the reaction.

 (c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The rate for the given reaction should be analyzed for the given conditions.

Concept Introduction:

${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration. Rate of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present.

$\text{Rate}\text{= k}\left[\text{alkylhalide}\right]\text{×}\left[\text{nucleophile}\right]$

Structure of the substrate plays a major role in ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor

Second-Order rate reaction: It is a type of chemical reaction in which the reaction depends on concentration of one second order reactant or both the first order reactants involved in the reaction.