Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305116399
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 7.5CQ
To determine
Whether the kinetic energy can be negative or not.
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.1QQCh. 7 - Figure 7.4 shows four situations in which a force...Ch. 7 - Which of the following statements is true about...Ch. 7 - A dart is inserted into a spring-loaded dart gun...Ch. 7 - A dart is inserted into a spring-loaded dart gun...Ch. 7 - Choose the correct answer. The gravitational...Ch. 7 - A ball is connected to a light spring suspended...Ch. 7 - What does the slope of a graph of U(x) versus x...Ch. 7 - Alex and John are loading identical cabinets onto...Ch. 7 - If the net work done by external forces on a...
Ch. 7 - A worker pushes a wheelbarrow with a horizontal...Ch. 7 - A cart is set rolling across a level table, at the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.5OQCh. 7 - Is the work required to be done by an external...Ch. 7 - A bloc k, of mass m is dropped from the fourth...Ch. 7 - An a simple pendulum swings back and forth, the...Ch. 7 - Bullet 2 has twice the mass of bullet 1. Both are...Ch. 7 - Figure OQ7.10 shows a light extended spring...Ch. 7 - If the speed of a particle is doubled, what...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.12OQCh. 7 - Prob. 7.13OQCh. 7 - A certain spring that obeys Hookes law is...Ch. 7 - A cart is set rolling across a level table, al the...Ch. 7 - An ice cube has been given a push and slides...Ch. 7 - Can a normal force do work? If not, why not? If...Ch. 7 - Object 1 pushes on object 2 as the objects move...Ch. 7 - A student has the idea that the total work done on...Ch. 7 - (a) For what values of the angle between two...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.5CQCh. 7 - Discuss the work done by a pitcher throwing a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.7CQCh. 7 - If only one external force acts on a particle,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.9CQCh. 7 - Prob. 7.10CQCh. 7 - A certain uniform spring has spring constant k....Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.12CQCh. 7 - Does the kinetic energy of an object depend on the...Ch. 7 - Cite two examples in which a force is exerted on...Ch. 7 - A shopper in a supermarket pushes a cart with a...Ch. 7 - A raindrop of mass 3.35 10-5 kg falls vertically...Ch. 7 - In 1990, Walter Arfeuille of Belgium lifted a...Ch. 7 - The record number of boat lifts, including the...Ch. 7 - A block of mass m = 2.50 kg is pushed a distance d...Ch. 7 - Spiderman, whose mass is 80.0 kg, is dangling on...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.7PCh. 7 - Vector A has a magnitude of 5.00 units, and vector...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.9PCh. 7 - Find the scalar product of the vectors in Figure...Ch. 7 - A force F = (6i 2j) N acts on a panicle that...Ch. 7 - Using the definition of the scalar product, find...Ch. 7 - Lei B = 5.00 m at 60.0. Let the vector C have the...Ch. 7 - The force acting on a panicle varies as shown in...Ch. 7 - A particle is subject to a force Fx that varies...Ch. 7 - In a control system, an accelerometer consists of...Ch. 7 - When a 4.00-kg object is hung vertically on a...Ch. 7 - Hookes law describes a certain light spring of...Ch. 7 - An archer pulls her bowstring back 0.400 m by...Ch. 7 - A light spring with spring constant 1 200 N/m is...Ch. 7 - A light spring with spring constant k1 is hung...Ch. 7 - Express the units of the force constant of a...Ch. 7 - A cafeteria tray dispenser supports a stack of...Ch. 7 - A light spring with force constant 3.85 N/m is...Ch. 7 - A small particle of mass m is pulled to the top of...Ch. 7 - The force acting on a particle is Fx = (8x 16),...Ch. 7 - When different loads hang on a spring, the spring...Ch. 7 - A 100-g bullet is fired from a rifle having a...Ch. 7 - A force F = (4xi + 3yj), where F is in newtons and...Ch. 7 - Review. The graph in Figure P7.20 specifies a...Ch. 7 - A 3.00-kg object has a velocity (6.00i - 2.00j)...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.32PCh. 7 - A 0.600-kg particle has a speed of 2.00 m/s at...Ch. 7 - A 4.00-kg particle is subject to a net force that...Ch. 7 - A 2 100-kg pile driver is used to drive a steel...Ch. 7 - Review. In an electron microscope, there is an...Ch. 7 - Review. You can think of the workkinetic energy...Ch. 7 - Review. A 7.80-g bullet moving at 575 m/s strikes...Ch. 7 - Review. A 5.75-kg object passes through the origin...Ch. 7 - A 1 000-kg roller coaster car is initially at the...Ch. 7 - A 0.20-kg stone is held 1.3 m above the top edge...Ch. 7 - A 400-N child is in a swing that is attached to a...Ch. 7 - A 4.00-kg particle moves from the origin to...Ch. 7 - (a) Suppose a constant force acts on an object....Ch. 7 - A force acting on a particle moving in the xy...Ch. 7 - An object moves in the xy plane 111 Figure P7.43...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.47PCh. 7 - Why is the following situation impossible? A...Ch. 7 - A potential energy function for a system in which...Ch. 7 - A single conservative force acting on a particle...Ch. 7 - A single conservative force acts on a 5.0-kg...Ch. 7 - For the potential energy curve shown in Figure...Ch. 7 - A right circular cone can theoretically be...Ch. 7 - The potential energy function for a system of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.55APCh. 7 - A particle moves along the xaxis from x = 12.8 m...Ch. 7 - Two identical steel balls, each of diameter 25.4...Ch. 7 - When an object is displaced by an amount x from...Ch. 7 - A 6 000-kg freight car rolls along rails with...Ch. 7 - Why is the following situation impossible? In a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.61APCh. 7 - The spring constant of an automotive suspension...Ch. 7 - An inclined plane of angle = 20.0 has a spring of...Ch. 7 - An inclined plane of angle has a spring of force...Ch. 7 - (a) Take U = 5 for a system with a particle at...Ch. 7 - A particle of mass m = 1.18 kg is attached between...Ch. 7 - Review. A light spring has unstressed length 15.5...
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- Explorers in the jungle find an ancient monument in the shape of a large isosceles triangle as shown in Figure P9.25. The monument is made from tens of thousands of small stone blocks of density 3 800 kg/m3. The monument is 15.7 m high and 64.8 m wide at its base and is everywhere 3.60 m thick from front to back. Before the monument was built many years ago, all the stone blocks lay on the ground. How much work did laborers do on the blocks to put them in position while building the entire monument? Note: The gravitational potential energy of an objectEarth system is given by Ug = MgyCM, where M is the total mass of the object and yCM is the elevation of its center of mass above the chosen reference level.arrow_forwardA mechanic pushes a 2.50 103-kg car from rest to a speed of v, doing 5.00 103 J of work in the process. During this time, the car moves 25.0 m. Neglecting friction between car and road, find (a) v and (b) the horizontal force excited on the car.arrow_forwardIntegrated Concepts (a) Calculate the force the woman in Figure 7.46 exerts to do a push-up at constant speed, taking all data to be known to three digits. (b) How much work does she do if her center of mass rises 0.240 m? (c) What is her useful power output if she does 25 push-ups in 1 min? (Should work done lowering her body be included? See the discussion of useful work in Work, Energy, and Power in Humans. Figure 7.46 Forces involved in doing push-ups. The woman's weight acts as a force exerted downward on her center of gravity (CG).arrow_forward
- Give an example of a situation in which there is a force and a displacement, but the force does no work. Explain why it does no work.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a unit of work? (4.1) (a) W (b) J s (c) N/s (d) N marrow_forwardGive an example of a situation in which there is a force and a displacement, but the force does no work. Explain why it does no work.arrow_forward
- (a) Can the kinetic energy of a system be negative? (b) Can the gravitational potential energy of a system be negative? Explain.arrow_forwardThe force acting on a panicle varies as shown in Figure la P7.14. Find the work done by the force on the particle as it moves (a) from x = 0 to x = 8.00 m. (b) from x = 8.00 m to x = 10.0 m, and (c) from x = 0 to x = 10.0 m.arrow_forwardWhat average power is generated by a 70.0-kg moun-tain climber who climbs a summit of height 325 in in 95.0 min? (a) 39.1 W (b) 54.6 W (c) 25.5 W (d) 67.0 W (e) 88.4 Warrow_forward
- A particle moves in the xy plane (Fig. P9.30) from the origin to a point having coordinates x = 7.00 m and y = 4.00 m under the influence of a force given by F=3y2+x. a. What is the work done on the particle by the force F if it moves along path 1 (shown in red)? b. What is the work done on the particle by the force F if it moves along path 2 (shown in blue)? c. What is the work done on the particle by the force F if it moves along path 3 (shown in green)? d. Is the force F conservative or nonconservative? Explain. FIGURE P9.30 In each case, the work is found using the integral of Fdr along the path (Equation 9.21). W=rtrfFdr=rtrf(Fxdx+Fydy+Fzdz) (a) The work done along path 1, we first need to integrate along dr=dxi from (0,0) to (7,0) and then along dr=dyj from (7,0) to (7,4): W1=x=0;y=0x=7;y=0(3y2i+xj)(dxi)+x=7;y=0x=7;y=4(3y2i+xj)(dyj) Performing the dot products, we get W1=x=0;y=0x=7;y=03y2dx+x=7;y=0x=7;y=4xdy Along the first part of this path, y = 0 therefore the first integral equals zero. For the second integral, x is constant and can be pulled out of the integral, and we can evaluate dy. W1=0+x=7;y=0x=7;y=4xdy=xy|x=7;y=0x=7;y=4=28J (b) The work done along path 2 is along dr=dyj from (0,0) to (0,4) and then along dr=dxi from (0,4) to (7,4): W2=x=0;y=0x=0;y=4(3y2i+xj)(dyj)+x=0;y=4x=7;y=4(3y2i+xj)(dyi) Performing the dot product, we get: W2=x=0;y=0x=0;y=4xdy+x=0;y=4x=7;y=43y2dx Along the first part of this path, x = 0. Therefore, the first integral equals zero. For the second integral, y is constant and can be pulled out of the integral, and we can evaluate dx. W2=0+3y2x|x=0;y=4x=7;y=4=336J (c) To find the work along the third path, we first write the expression for the work integral. W=rtrfFdr=rtrf(Fxdx+Fydy+Fzdz)W=rtrf(3y2dx+xdy)(1) At first glance, this appears quite simple, but we cant integrate xdy=xy like we might have above because the value of x changes as we vary y (i.e., x is a function of y.) [In parts (a) and (b), on a straight horizontal or vertical line, only x or y changes]. One approach is to parameterize both x and y as a function of another variable, say t, and write each integral in terms of only x or y. Constraining dr to be along the desired line, we can relate dx and dy: tan=dydxdy=tandxanddx=dytan(2) Now, use equation (2) in (1) to express each integral in terms of only one variable. W=x=0;y=0x=7;y=43y2dx+x=0;y=0x=7;y=4xdyW=y=0y=43y2dytan+x=0x=7xtandx We can determine the tangent of the angle, which is constant (the angle is the angle of the line with respect to the horizontal). tan=4.007.00=0.570 Insert the value of the tangent and solve the integrals. W=30.570y33|y=0y=4+0.570x22|x=0x=7W=112+14=126J (d) Since the work done is not path-independent, this is non-conservative force. Figure P9.30ANSarrow_forwardA boy starts at rest and slides down a frictionless slide as in Figure P5.64. The bottom of the track is a height h above the ground. The boy then leaves the track horizontally, striking the ground a distance d as shown. Using energy methods, determine the initial height H of the boy in terms of h and d. Figure P5.64arrow_forwardDescribe a situation in which a force is exerted for a long time but does no work. Explain.arrow_forward
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