(a) Interpretation: The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined. Concept introduction: Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask contents is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

Formula for heat, Q is given by:

Q=mcΔT ....... (2)

Here, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance at a particular temperature and ΔT is the change in the temperature of the substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask is to be determined in accordance with the value calculated in part (b), if some of the water is evaporated on contact with the hot iron.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

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Students have asked these similar questions

1. Liquid heptane is stored in a 100,000-L storage vessel that is vented directly to air. The heptane is stored at 25°C and 1 atm pressure. The liquid is drained from the storage vessel and all that remains in the vessel is the air saturated with heptane vapor. a. Is the vapor in the storage vessel flammable? b. What is the TNT equivalent for the vapor remaining in the vessel? c. If the vapor explodes, what is the overpressure 50 m from the vessel? d. What damage can be expected at 50 m?

2. You have decided to use a vacuum purging technique to purge oxygen from a reactor vessel to reduce the concentration to 2.0% (mol). The reactor is 18 ft diameter and 40 ft tall. The temperature is 80°F. Assume that the vacuum purge goes from atmospheric pressure to 10.0 psia. How many purge cycles are required and how many total moles of nitrogen must be used? Assume the purge is done with pure nitrogen. 3. If the purging described in problem 2 takes place using nitrogen that has 1% (mol) oxygen in it, how many vacuum purge cycles are required? How many total moles of the inert gas must be used? 4. If the purging described in problem 2 is done by way of a "sweep-through" purge instead of a vacuum purge, for how long (in minutes) must the inert gas flow through the vessel if there is a 20 psig supply of pure nitrogen available at 150 CFM (ft³/min)? How much nitrogen must be used (lbm)?

5. Look at Figure 7-14. Determine the voltage developed between the steel nozzle and the grounded vessel, and how much energy is stored in the nozzle. Explain the potential hazards for cases A and B from the following table: Case A Case B Hose length (ft) 75 75 Hose diameter (in) 2.0 2.0 Flow rate (gpm) 30 30 Liquid conductivity (mho/cm) 2x10-8 1x10-14 Dielectric constant 2.3 25 Density (g/cm³) 0.8 0.9 6. In Problem 5, case B, what would be the most effective way to reduce the potential hazards in this situation?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask contents is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

Formula for heat, Q is given by:

Q=mcΔT ....... (2)

Here, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance at a particular temperature and ΔT is the change in the temperature of the substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask is to be determined in accordance with the value calculated in part (b), if some of the water is evaporated on contact with the hot iron.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask contents is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

Formula for heat, Q is given by:

Q=mcΔT ....... (2)

Here, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance at a particular temperature and ΔT is the change in the temperature of the substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask is to be determined in accordance with the value calculated in part (b), if some of the water is evaporated on contact with the hot iron.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask contents is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

Formula for heat, Q is given by:

Q=mcΔT ....... (2)

Here, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance at a particular temperature and ΔT is the change in the temperature of the substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask is to be determined in accordance with the value calculated in part (b), if some of the water is evaporated on contact with the hot iron.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 7, Problem 7.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask contents is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

Formula for heat, Q is given by:

Q=mcΔT ....... (2)

Here, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance at a particular temperature and ΔT is the change in the temperature of the substance.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask is to be determined in accordance with the value calculated in part (b), if some of the water is evaporated on contact with the hot iron.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

Answer 6

Chapter 7, Problem 7.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 7.51P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask contents is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

Formula for heat, Q is given by:

Q=mcΔT ....... (2)

Here, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance at a particular temperature and ΔT is the change in the temperature of the substance.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask contents is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

input+generation−output−consumpumtion=accumulation

Here, ‘ input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘ generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘ output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘ consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘ accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

Formula for heat, Q is given by:

Q=mcΔT ....... (2)

Here, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity of the substance at a particular temperature and ΔT is the change in the temperature of the substance.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask is to be determined in accordance with the value calculated in part (b), if some of the water is evaporated on contact with the hot iron.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The final temperature of the flask is to be determined in accordance with the value calculated in part (b), if some of the water is evaporated on contact with the hot iron.

Concept introduction:

Saturated steam is the steam vaporized with little heat at its boiling point. Above this saturation temperature, the steam becomes superheated.

At this saturation temperature at a particular pressure, steam is present along with some condensed steam when cooled.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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(a) Interpretation: The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined. Concept introduction: Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

Concept explainers

(a)

Interpretation:

The reference temperature used as the basis for the enthalpy formula is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Reference temperature is the temperature used as the basis for any calculations or to derive any formula.

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Chapter 7 Solutions