Chapter 7, Problem 7.24P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Curved arrows and products for the given ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ step are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

An ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ reaction is a single step bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction.

A nucleophile, a relatively electron-rich species, utilizes a lone pair or a pi bond pair to form a bond with an electron-poor carbon atom in the substrate. Simultaneously, the bond between that carbon atom and an atom or group, called the leaving group, breaks. The leaving group, typically an electronegative atom, leaves along with the bond electron pair.

The overall process is a simultaneous addition and elimination of nucleophiles.

The mechanism is represented by curved arrows. One arrow starts on the electron-rich nucleophile and ends on the relatively electron-poor carbon atom in the substrate. A second arrow shows the simultaneous movement of the carbon and leaving group bond pair to the leaving group.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Curved arrows and products for the given ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ step are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

An ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ reaction is a single step bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction.

A nucleophile, a relatively electron-rich species, utilizes a lone pair or a pi bond pair to form a bond with an electron-poor carbon atom in the substrate. Simultaneously, the bond between that carbon atom and an atom or group, called the leaving group, breaks. The leaving group, typically an electronegative atom, leaves along with the bond electron pair.

The overall process is a simultaneous addition and elimination of nucleophiles.