Regular “for” loop:
The “for” loop is also referred as count-controlled loop and it contains three processes as follows:
- Initialization
- Compare
- Update
It is possible to initialize more than one variable in loop expression. In some cases it is necessary to track number of times the loop gets executed; so C++ provides “for” loop.
Syntax:
The syntax for the “for” loop is as follows:
//for loop condition
for (initialization; compare; update)
{
//statement
}
In the above format,
- The “initialization” represents the initialization variable for the loop.
- The “compare” represents the comparison condition which is used to exit from the loop when the condition becomes failure.
- The “update” represents the counter variable to count each iteration in the loop.
- The “statement” represents the statements which are needs to be executed during the loop iteration.
Range based for loop:
The range based “for” loop is the one which iterates each element once from the array. On iteration, the loop copies element from the array to variable each time.
- For example, consider an array consists of six elements; so, the loop will iterate for 6 times to retrieve each element from the array.
Syntax:
The syntax for the range based “for” loop is as follows:
for(datatype rangeVariable: array)
Statement;
In the above format,
- The “datatype” is the data type followed by the range variable; the range variable uses the same data type as the array follows or else it follows a type to which the element of the array can be automatically converted.
- The “rangeVariable” is the name which receives the value from array for each loop iteration; this variable changes the value on each loop iteration like first, second and so on.
- The “array” represents the name of the array that the loop needs to operate; from this array, the loop iterates once for every element.
- The “statement” represents the statement that needs to be executed during the loop iteration.
- Start the program
- Declare the variable “name” as “int” and assign the size of the variable “name” with 20 elements.
- Then, write the regular “for” loop and range based for loop to print each element of the array.
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Starting Out with C++ from Control Structures to Objects (9th Edition)
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