Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 12SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Fermentation reactions do not require the oxygen as an electron acceptor, but the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule. It occurs under the anaerobic conditions. Fermentation reaction occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen. The final stage of the aerobic respiration is the electron transfer phosphorylation that occurs in mitochondria. The coenzymes reduced in the earlier reactions deliver electrons and hydrogen ions to electron transfer chains in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The flow of the hydrogen ions through these proteins drives the ATP synthesis. Oxygen accepts the electrons at the end of the electron transfer chains and combines with the hydrogen ions, to form water.
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_____________ occurs within mitochondria. a. fatty acid synthesis b. β-oxidation c. VLDL synthesis d. LDL oxidation
The direct products from the citric acid cycle are ________.
a.
temporary electron storage compounds
b.
final products of cellular respiration
c.
formed from the direct consumption of oxygen
Which of the following is one difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration?
a.
Fermentation uses oxygen to produce ATP and anaerobic respiration does not
b.
Fermentation harvests more energy from each sugar molecule than anaerobic respiration.
c.
Anaerobic respiration utilizes an electron transport chain while fermentation does not
d.
Anaerobic respiration utilizes glycolysis while fermentation does not.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 7 - Prob. 1DAACh. 7 - Prob. 2DAACh. 7 - Prob. 3DAACh. 7 - Is the following statement true or false? Unlike...Ch. 7 - Glycolysis starts and ends in the ___. a. nucleus...Ch. 7 - Which of the following pathways requires molecular...Ch. 7 - Which molecule does not form during glycolysis? a....Ch. 7 - In eukaryotes, the final reactions of aerobic...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6SQCh. 7 - Prob. 7SQ
Ch. 7 - Most of the energy that aerobic respiration...Ch. 7 - Put the following pathways in the order they occur...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is not produced by an...Ch. 7 - Prob. 11SQCh. 7 - Prob. 12SQCh. 7 - Which of the following molecules can be oxidized...Ch. 7 - Prob. 14SQCh. 7 - Match the term with the best description. _____...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1CTCh. 7 - Prob. 2CT
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- 1. cellular respiration A. the first step of cellular respiration that takes place in the cytoplasm and produces a net of 2 molecules of ATP for every one molecule of glucose 2. glycolysis 3. aerobic respiration B. the general type of cellular respiration that occurs when no oxygen is present 4. anaerobic respiration 5. mitochondrion C. general process that breaks down glucose to produce ATP 6. Krebs cycle D. the type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in animal cells E. the general type of cellular respiration that occurs in the mitochondria when oxygen is available to a cell 7. alcoholic fermentation 8. electron transport chain F. the step in aerobic respiration that produces 36 molecules of ATP for every one molecule of glucose 9. lactic acid fermentation G. the type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in plant cells H. the step in aerobic respiration that produces 2 molecules of ATP for every one molecule of glucose I. the cell organelle where aerobic respiration takes placearrow_forwardEnergy is carried from catabolic to anabolic reactions in the formof ________________ .a. ADP b. high-energy ATP bonds c. coenzymes d. inorganic phosphatearrow_forward____________is another term for biosynthesis.a. Catabolism b. Anabolism c. Metabolism d. Catalystarrow_forward
- A patient with a liver dysfunction has shown extremely high levels of bilirubin. Which of the following enzymes could be up regulated? A. Biliverdin reductase B. Heme oxygenase C. Biliverdin hydrogenase D. Glucoronyl bilirubin transferasearrow_forwardGluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway that is mainly active in ________ (read all of the choices and pick the best answer). a. liver b. kidney c. brain d. skeletal muscle e. both a and b are correct answersarrow_forwardWhen making bread with common yeast, the reaction starts as an aerobic process and then becomes an anaerobic process after the oxygen is spent. A baker has created a new strain of yeast which contains no cytochrome c gene and, thus, no cytochrome c protein. This will affect what the yeast strain can do to obtain energy. What will this yeast strain do more of, compared to a normal strain? A. electron transport B. carbon dioxide production C. fermentation D. ATP synthesisarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is (are) accurate about aerobic and anaerobic respiration?a. Aerobic respiration is best for sprints.b. Anaerobic respiration is best for long distances because it does not need large amounts of oxygen.c. Aerobic respiration is faster.d. Aerobic respiration produces more energy per glucose molecule.e. Both aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration start with glycolysis.arrow_forwardWhich of the following organs does glycolysis occur in an anaerobic environment?* a.Liver b.Brain c.Kidney d.Erythrocytesarrow_forwardWhich of the given metabolites is common in respiration mediated breakdown of fat and protein? a.Dihydroxyacetone phosphate b.Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate c.Acetyl CoA d.Phosphoenol pyruvatearrow_forward
- ________ is the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule. a. Dephosphorylation b. Chemiosmosis c. Phosphorylationarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is correct? a. Glycolysis and Krebs cycle produce ATP in substrate level phosphorylation b. Glycolysis and Krebs cycle produce ATP in oxidative level phosphorylation. c. Glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation produce ATP in substrate level phosphorylation. d. Glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation produce ATP in oxidative level phosphorylation.arrow_forwardWhich of the following molecules remains oxidized when the electron transport inhibitor antimycin A is added to a suspension of actively respiring mitochondria? a. cytochrome c b. NAD c. cytochrome a d. UQarrow_forward
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