Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 10E
If Earth was to be hit by an extraterrestrial object, where in the solar system could it come from and how would we know its source region?
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 7 - Venus rotates backward and Uranus and Pluto spin...Ch. 7 - What is the difference between a differentiated...Ch. 7 - What does a planet need in order to retain an...Ch. 7 - Which type of planets have the most moons? Where...Ch. 7 - What is the difference between a meteor and a...Ch. 7 - Explain our ideas about why the terrestrial...Ch. 7 - Do all planetary systems look the same as our own?Ch. 7 - What is comparative planetology and why is it...Ch. 7 - What changed in our understanding of the Moon and...Ch. 7 - If Earth was to be hit by an extraterrestrial...
Ch. 7 - List some reasons that the study of the planets...Ch. 7 - Imagine you are a travel agent in the next...Ch. 7 - What characteristics do the worlds in our solar...Ch. 7 - How do terrestrial and giant planets differ? List...Ch. 7 - Why are there so many craters on the Moon and so...Ch. 7 - How do asteroids and comets differ?Ch. 7 - How and why is Earth’s Moon different from the...Ch. 7 - Where would you look for some “original”...Ch. 7 - Describe how we use radioactive elements and their...Ch. 7 - What was the solar nebula like? Why did the Sun...Ch. 7 - What can we learn about the formation of our solar...Ch. 7 - Earlier in this chapter, we modeled the solar...Ch. 7 - Seasons are a result of the inclination of a...Ch. 7 - Again using Appendix F, which planet(s) might you...Ch. 7 - Again using Appendix F, which planets might you...Ch. 7 - Using some of the astronomical resources in your...Ch. 7 - Explain why the planet Venus is differentiated,...Ch. 7 - Would you expect as many impact craters per unit...Ch. 7 - Using Appendix G, complete the following table...Ch. 7 - Calculate the density of Jupiter. Show your work....Ch. 7 - Calculate the density of Saturn. Show your work....Ch. 7 - What is the density of Jupiter’s moon Europa (see...Ch. 7 - Look at Appendix F and Appendix G and indicate the...Ch. 7 - Barnard’s Star, the second closest star to us, is...Ch. 7 - A radioactive nucleus has a half-life of 5108...
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- Where is the oxygen on Mars today? How do you know?arrow_forwardWhat kind of evidence do you think would convince astronomers that an extraterrestrial spacecraft has landed on Earth?arrow_forward1) How massive would Earth had been if it had accreted hydrogen compounds in addition to the sme properties listed in table 7.1? (Assume the same properties of the ingredients as listed in the table) 2) Now imagine that Earth had been able to capture hydrogen and helium gas in the same proportions as listed in the table. How massive would it have been?arrow_forward
- If you could visit another planetary system while the planets are forming, would you expect to see the condensation sequence at work, or do you think that process was most likely unique to our Solar System? How do the properties of the extrasolar planets discovered so far affect your answer? Do you expect the most planetary system in the Universe have analogs to our Solar System’s asteroid belt and Kuiper Belt? Would all planetary systems show signs of an age of heavy bombardment? If the solar nebula hypothesis is correct, do you think there are more planets in the Universe than stars? Why or why not?arrow_forwardThe closest approach distance between Mars and Earth is 56 million km. Assume you can travel in a spaceship at 58,000 km/h (which is the speed achieved by the New Horizons space probe that went to Pluto and is the fastest speed so far of any space vehicle launched from Earth). How long would it take you in hours to get to Mars at the time of closest approach?arrow_forwardOut of the inner planets in the solar system (Mercury,Venus and Mars), Which do you think is most likely to be colonized? Explain why?arrow_forward
- Calculate how long radio communications from the spacecraft will take when it encounters Mars. The furthest distance from Earth to Mars is 2.66 AU. Remember that 1 AU = 1.5 x 1011 m and that light travels at 3 x 108 m/s. So how long will the radio messages take to travel this greatest distance of 2.66 AU? If two way communication between the Earth and the spacecraft involve a 1 s time lapse before an acknowledging signal is sent by the spacecraft, how long a time is there between sending a command to the spacecraft and receiving a reply?arrow_forwardWe think the terrestrial planets formed around solid “seeds” that later grew over time through the accretion of rocks and metals. a) Suppose the Earth grew to its present size in 1 million years through the accretion of particles averaging 100 grams each. On average, how many particles did the Earth capture per second, given that the mass of the Earth is = 5.972 × 10 ^24 kg ? b) If you stood on Earth during its formation and watched a region covering 100 m^2, how many impacts would you expect to see in one hour. Use the impact rate you calculated in part a. You’ll need the following as well: the radius of the Earth is = 6.371 × 10 ^6 m and the surface area of the Earth is 4??^2Eartharrow_forwardIf you detected radio signals with an average wavelength of 20.000 cm and suspected that they came from a civilization on a distant Earth-like exoplanet, roughly how much of a change in wavelength should you expect to detect as a result of the orbital motion of the distant exoplanet? (Hint: Use the Doppler shift formula, Eq. 7-3.) (Note: Earths orbital velocity is 30 km/s.)arrow_forward
- why do astronomers say that terrestrial planets are comomn in our galaxy?arrow_forwardSuppose that Earth grew to its present size in 11 million years from particles averaging 190 g each. On average, how many particles did Earth capture per second? (Notes: 1 yr = 3.2 ✕ 107 s.)arrow_forwardDo you think Earth could retain an atmosphere of nitrogen for the age of the Solar System? Explain why or why notarrow_forward
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