Prescott's Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259281594
Author: Joanne Willey, Linda Sherwood Adjunt Professor Lecturer, Christopher J. Woolverton Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 6.3, Problem 3RIA
How do you think the complexity of the viral assembly process correlates with viral genome size?
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You are studying RNA viruses and have discovered one that grows well in a culture of eukaryotic cells. You know that the virus is a single-stranded RNA virus, but you don't know if it is positive or negative stranded. Your lab-mate says, "Well, just treat your cell culture with cyclohexamide and see if the virus replicates its genome." You know that cyclohexamide inhibits protein elongation by binding to eukaryotic ribosomes. What is the basis of your lab-mate's suggestion?
What does it mean for viral DNA to program cells? explain in your own words as simply as possible.
Double-stranded RNA viruses, use the following polymerase for genome synthesis:
A)
viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
B)
host cell DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
C)
viral DNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
D)
host cell RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 6.2 - MICRO INQUIRY Which capsids are icosahedral? Which...Ch. 6.2 - MICRO INQUIRY Are the capsomers at the vertices of...Ch. 6.2 - MICRO INQUIRY Why is T4 said to have binal...Ch. 6.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 1. How are viruses similar...Ch. 6.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 2. What is the difference...Ch. 6.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 3. Compare the structure of...Ch. 6.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 4. What is an envelope?...Ch. 6.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 5. All four nucleic acid...Ch. 6.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 6. The RNA genomes of some...Ch. 6.3 - MICRO INQUIRY Which of these mechanisms involves...
Ch. 6.3 - MICRO INQUIRY Why do the empty capsids remain...Ch. 6.3 - Explain why the receptors that viruses have...Ch. 6.3 - What probably plays the most important role in...Ch. 6.3 - How do you think the complexity of the viral...Ch. 6.3 - In general, DNA viruses can be much more dependent...Ch. 6.3 - Consider the origin of viral envelopes and suggest...Ch. 6.3 - Why are the proteins involved in virion assembly...Ch. 6.4 - Why is a lysogen considered a new or different...Ch. 6.4 - Define the terms lysogeny, temperate phage,...Ch. 6.4 - What advantages might a phage gain by being...Ch. 6.4 - Describe lysogenic conversion and its...Ch. 6.4 - How does a latent infection differ from a chronic...Ch. 6.4 - What is a cytocidal infection? What is a...Ch. 6.4 - Define the following terms: tumor, neoplasia,...Ch. 6.4 - Distinguish the mechanism by which dsDNA viruses...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 1MICh. 6.5 - Prob. 1RIACh. 6.5 - Given that viruses must be cultivated to make...Ch. 6.7 - What are viroids and why are they of great...Ch. 6.7 - How does a viroid differ from a virus? From a...Ch. 6.7 - What is a prion? In what way does a prion differ...Ch. 6.7 - Prob. 4RIACh. 6 - Many classification schemes are used to identify...Ch. 6 - The origin and evolution of viruses is...Ch. 6 - Consider the separate stages of an animal virus...Ch. 6 - Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a...Ch. 6 - Syn5 is a virus that infects photosynthetic...
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- Given that COVID19 has a single strand RNA for its genome, the number of rounds required to complete replicating 3 viable virus particles? a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6 e) 9arrow_forwardYou are studying RNA viruses and have discovered a new one that grows well in a culture of eukaryotic cells. You know that the virus is a single-stranded RNA virus, but you don’t know if it is plus or minus stranded. Your lab-mate says, “Well, just treat your cell culture with cyclohexamide and see if the virus replicates its genome.” You know that cyclohexamide inhibits protein elongation by binding to eukaryotic ribosomes. What is the basis of your lab-mate’s suggestion?arrow_forwardRNA-dependent RNA polymerase performs which of the following functions? O 1) Uncoats the viral genome 2) transcribes retroviral RNA genomes into DNA 3) Replicates RNA into RNA O 4) Replicates DNA into RNA 5) Shuttles RNA genomes into the nucleus for assemblyarrow_forward
- What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? a) It converts viral RNA into double-stranded DNA Ob) It uses viral RNA as a template for making complementary RNA strands Oc) It translates viral RNA into proteins d) It uses viral DNA as a template for RNA synthesisarrow_forwardThe second step in viral replication is entry. For bacteriophage, entry usually involves: O a) direct entry of the nucleic acid into the cell. Ob) phagocytosis. c) membrane fusion mechanism of entry. d) receptor-mediated endocytosis.arrow_forwardIn RNA viruses, the + RNA genome can act as mRNA right away and proteins can be made. The + genome is used to make - genome, which then makes + genome? and which is the genome that will be packaged to leave the cell?arrow_forward
- How are poly-adenosine tails added to subgenomic mRNAs of RNA viruses? Repeated uracil bases on the template cause the polymerase to slip backwards and recopy the sequence Polymerases copy a 200 base string of uracils found in some RNA viral genomes Polymerases copy a 200 base string of uracils added to the template during circularization Viral mRNAs undergo post-translational modifications, which include splicing of introns, a 5'-cap, and a 3'-poly-A tailarrow_forwardHIV infection can be interrupted before integration into a chromosome by a) a termination tRNA is not acylated to an amino acid b) TBP c) elongation factor G d) a chain terminating RT inhibitor e) fMet-tRNA ( explantion not needed) thank you.arrow_forwardIf a viral host cell has a mutation that interferes with the addition of carbohydrates to proteins (glycoproteins) during processing in the Golgi apparatus, which of the following processes is most likely to occur? O A. Viruses released by that host cell would have a decreased ability to infect cells than the virus that originally infected the cell. B. The virus-encoded protease would be unable to cleave large viral proteins into smaller, functional polypeptides. OC. The virus would be unable to replicate within the host cell. D. Viruses released by that cell are novel and would result in infections with higher mortality rates.arrow_forward
- A viral protein has a 20 amino acid amino acid chain consisting of the following primary structure: A-G-L-F-A-F-P-P-W-G-G-V-C-M-G-L-G-A-M-C In what places could these amino acids be found? a) Inside the hydrophobic core of a protein b) In a membrane that encloses the virus c) On the outside of a protein d) In a virus nail on the surface of the virusarrow_forwardDescribe in general terms the strategy used by single-stranded (ss) DNA viruses to synthesize their nucleic acids and proteinsarrow_forwardDescribe Specialized transduction: transfer of specific genetic material by means of a virus carrier.arrow_forward
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