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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
To balance the given chemical equation.
Concept Introduction:
Balancing a chemical equation is important to make the equation follow the conservation mass of law. The atoms in the
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Answer to Problem 73AP
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is,
The equation is not balanced as there are two chlorine atoms in the reactant side and product has only one. The reactant side has one bromine and the product side has two bromine. This unbalanced equation is balanced by multiplying two to the potassium bromide on the reactant side and 2 on the product side of potassium chloride.
The balanced equation is given as,
(b)
Interpretation:
To balance the given chemical equation.
Concept Introduction:
Balancing a chemical equation is important to make the equation follow the conservation mass of law. The atoms in the chemical reaction from the reactant side is equal to the atoms in the product side.
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Answer to Problem 73AP
The balanced equation is
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is,
The equation is unbalanced with 2 oxygen atoms on the reactant and three on the product. To balance 4 is multiplied to the chromium and three with oxygen on the reactant side. On the product side two is multiplied to chromium oxide.
The balanced equation is
(c)
Interpretation:
To balance the given chemical equation.
Concept Introduction:
Balancing a chemical equation is important to make the equation follow the conservation mass of law. The atoms in the chemical reaction from the reactant side is equal to the atoms in the product side.
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Answer to Problem 73AP
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is,
The unbalanced side has two hydrogen and four phosphorous that is giving one molecule of phosphorous and three hydrogen. In order to balance the equation, 6 is multiplied by hydrogen on the reactant and four is multiplied on the product side.
The balanced equation is,
(d)
Interpretation:
To balance the given chemical equation.
Concept Introduction:
Balancing a chemical equation is important to make the equation follow the conservation mass of law. The atoms in the chemical reaction from the reactant side is equal to the atoms in the product side.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 73AP
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is,
The unbalance equation has 1 aluminum and 4 molecules of oxygen on the reactant and has 12 molecules of oxygen on the product side. To balance 2 is multiplied to the aluminum and 3 is multiplied to the sulphuric acid on the reactant and 3 is multiplied to the hydrogen on the reactant side.
The balanced equation is,
(e)
Interpretation:
To balance the given chemical equation.
Concept Introduction:
Balancing a chemical equation is important to make the equation follow the conservation mass of law. The atoms in the chemical reaction from the reactant side is equal to the atoms in the product side.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 73AP
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is,
The unbalance equation has 3 molecules of chlorine and two molecules of hydrogen on the reactant side and 4 molecules of hydrogen, three molecules of oxygen on the product side. To balance the equation 3 is multiplied to the water molecules on the reactant side and three is multiplied to the hydrogen chloride on the product side.
The balanced equation is,
(f)
Interpretation:
To balance the given chemical equation.
Concept Introduction:
Balancing a chemical equation is important to make the equation follow the conservation mass of law. The atoms in the chemical reaction from the reactant side is equal to the atoms in the product side.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 73AP
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is,
The unbalanced equation is balanced by multiplying two on both the product and the reactant side of sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide.
The balanced equation is,
(g)
Interpretation:
To balance the given chemical equation.
Concept Introduction:
Balancing a chemical equation is important to make the equation follow the conservation mass of law. The atoms in the chemical reaction from the reactant side is equal to the atoms in the product side.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 73AP
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is,
The equation is unbalanced with the 7 carbon molecules on the reactant and one carbon molecules on the product side. It is balanced by multiplying 11 to the oxygen on reactant side and multiplied 7 on the carbon di oxide and 8 to the water molecules on the product side.
The balanced equation is,
(h)
Interpretation:
To balance the given chemical equation.
Concept Introduction:
Balancing a chemical equation is important to make the equation follow the conservation mass of law. The atoms in the chemical reaction from the reactant side is equal to the atoms in the product side.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 73AP
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is,
The equation is unbalanced by having 6 molecules of hydrogen and 2 molecules of oxygen on the reactant side and three oxygen along with 2 molecules of hydrogen on the product side. The equation is balanced by multiplying two on the ethane and 7 on the oxygen in the reactant side. 4 is multiplied on the carbon dioxide and 6ismultiplied on the water molecules of the product side.
The balanced equation is,
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
- The carbon dioxide exhaled in the breath of astronauts is often removed from the spacecraft by reaction with lithium hydroxide 2LiOH(s)+CO2(g)Li2CO3(s)+H2O(l) Estimate the grams of lithium hydroxide required per astronaut per day. Assume that each astronaut requires 2.50 103 kcal of energy per day. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 2.50 103 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of CO2 produced and hence the amount of LiOH required. The H for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.arrow_forwardEthanol, C2H5OH, is a gasoline additive that can be produced by fermentation of glucose. C6H12O62C2H5OH+2CO2 (a) Calculate the mass (g) of ethanol produced by the fermentation of 1.000 lb glucose. (b) Gasohol is a mixture of 10.00 mL ethanol per 90.00 mL gasoline. Calculate the mass (in g) of glucose required to produce the ethanol in 1.00 gal gasohol. Density of ethanol = 0.785 g/mL. (c) By 2022, the U. S. Energy Independence and Security Act calls for annual production of 3.6 1010 gal of ethanol, no more than 40% of it produced by fermentation of corn. Fermentation of 1 ton (2.2 103 lb) of corn yields approximately 106 gal of ethanol. The average corn yield in the United States is about 2.1 105 lb per 1.0 105 m2. Calculate the acreage (in m2) required to raise corn solely for ethanol production in 2022 in the United States.arrow_forwardOne of the few industrial-scale processes that produce organic compounds electrochemically is used by the Monsanto Company to produce1,4-dicyanobutane. The reduction reaction is 2CH2CHCH+2H++2eNC(CH2)4CN The NC(CH2)4CN is then chemically reduced using hydrogen gas to H2N(CH2)6NH2, which is used in the production of nylon. What current must be used to produce 150.kg NC(CH2)4CN per hour?arrow_forward
- What mass of solid NaOH (97.0% NaOH by mass) is required to prepare 1.00 L of a 10.0% solution of NaOH by mass? The density of the 10.0% solution is 1.109 g/mL.arrow_forwardThree reactions very important to the semiconductor industry are The reduction of silicon dioxide to crude silicon, SiO2(s) + 2 C(s) → Si(s) + 2 CO(g) ΔrH° = 689.9 kJ/mol The formation of silicon tetrachloride from crude silicon, Si(s) + 2 Cl2(g) → SiCl4(g) ΔrH° = −657.01 kJ/mol The reduction of silicon tetrachloride to pure silicon with magnesium, SiCl4(g) + 2 Mg(s) → 2 MgCl2(s) + Si(s) ΔrH° = −625.6 kJ/mol Calculate the overall enthalpy change when 1.00 mol sand, SiO2, changes into very pure silicon by this series of reactions.arrow_forwardBa(NO3)2 + Na2CO3 → Mg(NO3)2 + K2CRO4 → Ca(NO3)2 + K2CrO4 → Sr(NO3)2 + K2CrO4→ -> Ba(NO3)2 + K2CRO4→arrow_forward
- Chlor-alkali plants electrolyze NaCl to produce the commodity chemicals caustic soda and chlorine gas. Industrial waste effluent released into waterways from these plants can contain trace amounts of mercury. Legally, the effluent can contain up to 2.50 x 10-9 mol/L of mercury. Determine the minimum volume of water, in megalitres (ML), that must be added to a 1.13 g sample of mercury to dilute the effluent to acceptable levels.(Do not show your work in the space provided; record only your final answer with the correct number of significant digits and the proper units.)arrow_forwardChlor-alkali plants electrolyze NaCl to produce the commodity chemicals caustic soda and chlorine gas. Industrial waste effluent released into waterways from these plants can contain trace amounts of mercury. Legally, the effluent can contain up to 2.50 x 10-9 mol/L of mercury. Determine the minimum volume of water, in megalitres (ML), that must be added to a 1.14 g sample of mercury to dilute the effluent to acceptable levels. Record only your numerical answer with the correct number of significant digits. You do not need to include units as the units appear for you beside the answer box already.arrow_forwardSomeone is attempting to measure the H3PO4(aq) content of an unknown solution by both titration with NaOH(aq) and calorimetry. The person measures 100 mL of stock NaOH(aq) solution into a buret but forgets to write down its concentration. They then measure out 50.0 mL of unknown H3PO4(aq) solution (which has an indicator) and places this solution in a constant-pressure calorimeter for the titration experiment. The initial temperature of all the solutions is 22.9 Celsius. The student adds 46.84 mL of NaOH(aq) from the buret to the H3PO4(aq) solution in the calorimeter to reach the equivalence point (color change for indicator). The final solution temperature is 33.5 Celsius. Assume density and specific heat of all solutions are the same as that of pure water and that volumes are additive. a) what is the balanced molecular equation for the acid-base reaction that takes place in the calorimeter? b) Calculate delta HRXN (enthralpy) for the above acid-base reaction c) what is the…arrow_forward
- As shown in the following Figure, an aqueous solution of Nal is poured into an aqueous solution of Pb(NO3)2 which results in the formation of a yellow precipitate. Assuming stoichiometric amounts of Nal and Pb(NO3)2 are reacted, give the chemical formula of the yellow precipitate and the chemical formula of all molecules and/or ions that are present in the solution (You may use the solubility matrix to answer this question). (b)arrow_forwardOne method for chemical analysis involves finding a reactant that will precipitate the species of interest, but not the other species. The mass of the precipitate is then used to determine the mass of the species of interest present in the original sample. For example, calcium ions can be precipitated from an aqueous solution by adding of sodium oxalate Na2C2O4. The balanced equation is: Ca2+(aq) + Na2C2O4 (aq) --> CaC2O4 (s) + 2 Na+ (aq) Suppose you had a solution with approximately 15.0 g of calcium ions. Show by calculation whether the addition of 15.0 g of sodium oxalate will precipitate all of the calcium ions present in the sample.arrow_forwardPermanganate Ions are reacted with Iron(II) in the presence of an acid to produce Manganese(II) ions, Iron(III) ions, and water. Write the balanced chemical equation for this process.arrow_forward
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