Explanation The first protonation equilibrium is given below, C O 3 2 − ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) ⇌ O H − ( a q ) + H C O 3 − ( a q ) The expression for equilibrium constant for the first protonation reaction can be written as shown below, K b 1 = [ O H − ] [ H C O 3 − ] [ C O 3 2 − ] = K w K a 2 = 1.0 × 10 − 14 5.6 × 10 − 11 = 1 . 7 8 × 1 0 - 4 An equilibrium table can be set up as given below. C o m p o s i t i o n ( M ) C O 3 2 − H 2 O O H − H C O 3 − I n i t i a l c o n c e n t r a t i o n 0.0456 − 0 0 C h a n g e i n c o n c e n t r a t i o n − x − + x + x E q u i l i b r i u m c o n c e n t r a t i o n 0.0456 − x − x x Now, these values in the fourth row can be inserted in the equilibrium constant expression as shown below. K b 1 = ( x ) ( x ) ( 0.0456 − x ) Now, the above expression can be solved for x. K b 1 = ( x ) ( x ) ( 0.0456 − x ) 1.78 × 10 − 4 = ( x ) ( x ) ( 0.0456 − x ) ( 1.78 × 10 − 4 ) ( 0.0456 − x ) = x 2 x 2 + ( 1.78 × 10 − 4 ) x − 8.143 × 10 − 6 = 0 x = ( − 1.78 × 10 − 4 ) ± ( 1.78 × 10 − 4 ) 2 − ( 4 ) × ( 1 ) × ( − 8.143 × 10 − 6 ) 2 x = 0.0028 [ O H − ] = x = 0 . 0 0 2 8 M [ H C O 3 − ] = x = 0 . 0 0 2 8 M [ C O 3 2 − ] = 0.0456 − x = 0.0456 − 0.0028 = 0 . 0 4 2 8 M The second protonation reaction is given below, H C O 3 − ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) ⇌ O H − ( a q ) + H 2 C O 3 ( a q ) The expression for equilibrium constant for the second protonation reaction can be written as shown below, K b 2 = [ O H − ] [ H C O 3 ] [ H C O 3 − ] = K w K a 1 = 1

ACHIEVE/CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES ACCESS 1TERM

7th Edition

ISBN: 9781319399849

Author: ATKINS

Publisher: MAC HIGHER

See similar textbooks

Concept explainers

Electrolysis

Electrolysis is defined as the process of breaking down ionic compounds into their constituent elements by passing a direct electric current through the compound in a fluid state. The cathode reduces cations, while the anode oxidizes anions. An electroly…

Videos

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6E.11E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molar concentrations of H2CO3, HCO3−, CO32−, H3O+, and OH− in 0.0456M Na2CO3(aq) have to be calculated.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Chapter 6, Problem 6E.10E

Chapter 6, Problem 6E.12E

Students have asked these similar questions

6. Consider the following exothermic reaction below. 2Cu2+(aq) +41 (aq)2Cul(s) + 12(aq) a. If Cul is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). b. If Cu2+ is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). c. If a solution of AgNO3 is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). d. If the solvent hexane (C6H14) is added, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). Hint: one of the reaction species is more soluble in hexane than in water. e. If the reaction is cooled, there will be a shift left/shift right/no shift (circle one). f. Which of the changes above will change the equilibrium constant, K?

Show work. don't give Ai

Show work with explanation needed. don't give Ai generated solution

Chapter 6 Solutions

ACHIEVE/CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES ACCESS 1TERM

Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.1AST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.1BST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.2AST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.2BST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.3AST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.3BST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.1E Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.2E Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.3E Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.4E

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

The molar concentrations of H 2 C O 3 , H C O 3 − , C O 3 2 − , H 3 O + , a n d O H − in 0.0456 M N a 2 C O 3 ( a q ) have to be calculated.

Solution Summary: The author explains how the molar concentrations for the first protonation reaction can be calculated.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation:

The molar concentrations of H2CO3, HCO3−, CO32−, H3O+, and OH− in 0.0456M Na2CO3(aq) have to be calculated.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 6 Solutions

The molar concentrations of H 2 C O 3 , H C O 3 − , C O 3 2 − , H 3 O + , a n d O H − in 0.0456 M N a 2 C O 3 ( a q ) have to be calculated.

Solution Summary: The author explains how the molar concentrations for the first protonation reaction can be calculated.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation: The molar concentrations of H2CO3, HCO3−, CO32−, H3O+, and OH− in 0.0456M Na2CO3(aq) have to be calculated.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 6 Solutions

Interpretation:

The molar concentrations of H2CO3, HCO3−, CO32−, H3O+, and OH− in 0.0456M Na2CO3(aq) have to be calculated.