Chapter 6, Problem 6.5P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The following data were collected for the given reaction at $580K$, the data has to be plotted to determine the order of the reaction.

Concept introduction:

Rate of a reaction: It represents the speed at which a chemical reaction runs.  How much concentration of substrates (reactants) consumed and how much concentration of targets (products) formed in a unit of time is said to be rate of reaction.

Rate of reaction depends on time, temperature, pressure, concentration, and $\text{pH}$ of the reaction.

Rate of the reaction is the change in the concentration of reactant or a product with time. It can be varied in accordance with temperature, pressure, concentration, presence of catalyst, surface area…

General rate reaction is,

$aA+bB\to cC+dD$

$\text{Rate}\text{=}\text{-}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{a}}\frac{\text{Δ}\left[\text{A}\right]}{\text{Δt}}\text{=}\text{-}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{b}}\frac{\text{Δ}\left[\text{B}\right]}{\text{Δt}}\text{=}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{c}}\frac{\text{Δ}\left[\text{C}\right]}{\text{Δt}}\text{=}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{d}}\frac{\text{Δ}\left[\text{D}\right]}{\text{Δt}}$

The negative sign indicates the reduction of concentration of reactant.

Integrated rate law for second order reactions:

Taking in the example of following reaction,

    $\text{aA}\to \text{products}$

And the reaction follows second order rate law,

Then the relationship between the concentration of $\text{A}$ and time can be mathematically expressed as,

    $\frac{\text{1}}{{\left[\text{A}\right]}_{\text{t}}}\text{=kt+}\frac{\text{1}}{{\left[\text{A}\right]}_{\text{0}}}$

The above expression is called as integrated rate for second order reactions.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the plotted graph, the rate constant has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Rate of a reaction: It represents the speed at which a chemical reaction runs. How much concentration of substrates (reactants) consumed and how much concentration of targets (products) formed in a unit of time is said to be rate of reaction.

Rate of reaction depends on time, temperature, pressure, concentration, and $\text{pH}$ of the reaction.

Rate of the reaction is the change in the concentration of reactant or a product with time. It can be varied in accordance with temperature, pressure, concentration, presence of catalyst, surface area…

General rate reaction is,

$aA+bB\to cC+dD$

$\text{Rate}\text{=}\text{-}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{a}}\frac{\text{Δ}\left[\text{A}\right]}{\text{Δt}}\text{=}\text{-}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{b}}\frac{\text{Δ}\left[\text{B}\right]}{\text{Δt}}\text{=}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{c}}\frac{\text{Δ}\left[\text{C}\right]}{\text{Δt}}\text{=}\frac{\text{1}}{\text{d}}\frac{\text{Δ}\left[\text{D}\right]}{\text{Δt}}$

The negative sign indicates the reduction of concentration of reactant.