Chapter 6, Problem 6.57P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Among the two substituents, $\text{C}\equiv \text{N}$ and ${\text{CF}}_{\text{3}}$, a stronger electron withdrawing substituent is to be predicted, based on the electrostatic potential map.

Concept introduction:

An electrostatic potential map represents electron clouds in a molecule in various colors that indicate its relative charge. Red color indicates the buildup of negative charge whereas the blue color indicates a buildup of positive charge. Colors between red and blue in the spectrum indicate a more neutral charge. Anions are stabilized by electron-withdrawing groups near the negative charge. Delocalization of the charge via resonance lowers the concentration of the charge and increases the stability of the anion. With lower concentration of charge comes greater stability.