Chapter 6, Problem 60P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reagents required to accomplish the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.

Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.

Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Chemical reaction involves bond making and breaking of two or more reactants in order to attain products from the reactants.

Reduction: It is defined as addition of hydrogen atoms or removal of oxygen atoms.

Oxidation: It is generally addition of oxygen or removal of hydrogens.

Solvent: it is substance which dissolves the chemical substrate. They are classified as polar protic and polar aprotic solvent.

Polar protic solvent: It contains at least one $\text{H}$ atom directly bonded to electronegative atom.

Polar aprotic solvent: It does not contain $\text{H}$ atoms directly bonded to electronegative atom.