Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
bartleby

Concept explainers

bartleby

Videos

Textbook Question
Book Icon
Chapter 6, Problem 1TYU

During signal transduction (a) the cell converts an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal that leads to a change in some cell process (b) a signaling molecule directly activates or represses several genes (c) each enzyme catalyzes production of one molecule of product (d) enzymes in the signal cascade remain active until the last component of the pathway alters a cellular process (e) the signal is terminated by cyclic AMP

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark
Summary Introduction

Introduction: There are four sequences of events that take place in cell signaling. These are signal transmission, reception, signal transduction, and response. In signal transduction, the cell changes the extracellular signals into intracellular signals. Cell generates a number of internal molecules that work in a specific manner.

Answer to Problem 1TYU

Correct answer: Signal transduction is a process in which extracellular signals get converted into intracellular signals. Hence the correct answer is option (a).

Explanation of Solution

Reason for the correct answer:

Option (a) is given as “the cell converts an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal that leads to a change in some cell process”. In signal transduction, the cell changes the received extracellular signals into intracellular signals. Cell generates a number of internal molecules that work in a specific manner to cause a response. It may either activates genes or deactivate it.

Hence the correct answer is option (a).

Reasons for incorrect answers:

Option (b) is given as, “a signaling molecule directly activates or represses several genes”. A signaling molecule activates several downstream molecules which either activate or deactivates the genes. This is not part of signal transduction event. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.

Option (c) is given as, “each enzyme catalyzes production of one molecule of product”. The signal get amplified at each downstream of the pathway in which an enzyme catalyzes several other molecules. This is not part of signal transduction event. Hence, option (c) is incorrect.

Option (d) is given as, “enzymes in the signal cascade remain active until the last component of the pathway alters a cellular process”. Enzyme in the signal cascade gets inactivated once it activates the downstream molecules. It does not remain active until the last component for the pathway alters the process. This is not part of signal transduction event. Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

Option (e) is given as, “the signal is terminated by cyclic AMP”. Cyclic AMP is an effector molecule. It does not terminate the signal. The signal is terminated by phosphodiesterase which inactivates the cyclic AMP to AMP or phosphatase which inactivates the protein by removing phosphate group. This is not part of signal transduction event.

Hence, option (e) is incorrect.

Hence the options (b), (c), (d), and (e) are incorrect.

Conclusion

Signal transduction is a process in which extracellular signals get converted into intracellular signals which causes changes in cell processes.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
Using the data provided on the mean body mass and horn size of 4-year-old male sheep, draw a scatterplot graph to examine how body mass and horn size changed over time.
Please write a 500-word report about the intake of saturated fat, sodium, alcoholic beverages, or added sugar in America. Choose ONE of these and write about what is recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (guideline #4) and why Americans exceed the intake of that nutrient. Explain what we could do as a society and/or individuals to reduce our intake of your chosen nutrient.
Write a 500-word report indicating how you can change the quantity or quality of TWO nutrients where your intake was LOWER than what is recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and/or the DRIs. Indicate how the lack of the nutrient may affect your health. For full credit, all of the following points must be addressed and elaborated on in more detail for each nutrient: The name of the nutrient At least 2 main functions of the nutrient (example: “Vitamin D regulates calcium levels in the blood and calcification of bones.”) Your percent intake compared to the RDA/DRI (example “I consumed 50% of the RDA for vitamin D”) Indicate why your intake was below the recommendations (example: “I only had one serving of dairy products and that was why I was below the recommendations for vitamin D”) How would you change your dietary pattern to meet the recommendations? – be sure to list specific foods (example: “I would add a yogurt and a glass of milk to each day in order to increase my…
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Biology
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Text book image
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license