Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 54, Problem 15TYK
During succession, inhibition by early species
- a. may prevent the achievement of a stable community.
- b. results from the frequent disturbances that often eliminate early colonizers.
- c. may slow down the successful colonization by other species.
- d. may involve changes in nitrogen levels or accelerated accumulation of humus.
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In a tropical rainforest, an open gap lacking vegetation has been created by the fall of a large tree. Which of the following statements describes the characteristics of the plant species that are last to colonize this disturbed habitat?
a.
they have low reproductive rates and are good competitors
b.
they are good colonizers
c.
they have high reproductive rates and are poor competitors
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they are dominated by r-selected species
e.
they have high species diversity
Ecological dominants are
a. the most numerous or make up the most biomass within a community.
b. are species that may not be the most numerous within a community, but whose role is so significant that its absence would bring about considerable change.
c. species that are introduced into an area where they do not naturally occur.
d. the most important species on the planet.
The average niche breadth for space resources is wide for species of barnacles in an intertidal community. This pattern would indicate…
a.
niche overlap is low
b.
a greater level of competition between species
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coexistence via resource partitioning
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a greater number of species in the community
e.
high levels of disturbance
Chapter 54 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 54 - When two spiny mouse species coexist, Acomys...Ch. 54 - Name the type of mimicry described in each of the...Ch. 54 - Name and give examples of the interspecific...Ch. 54 - Tide pool 1 has three species of sea urchins with...Ch. 54 - Prob. 5IQCh. 54 - Describe the effects of the alder stage on soil...Ch. 54 - Why would the fact that tropical communities are...Ch. 54 - a. How do the rates of immigration and extinction...Ch. 54 - Why are ecologists trapping and testing migrating...Ch. 54 - Complete the following concept map to organize...
Ch. 54 - Community ecologists develop models or hypotheses...Ch. 54 - Two allopatric species of Galapagos finches have...Ch. 54 - The greater blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena...Ch. 54 - Two other species of octopus (H. maculosa and H....Ch. 54 - Two species, A and B, occupy adjoining...Ch. 54 - Two shops in the same block are selling coffee and...Ch. 54 - A palatable (good-tasting) prey species may defend...Ch. 54 - Most humans are host to mites of the genus Demodex...Ch. 54 - The species richness of a community refers to the...Ch. 54 - You have a friend who is a strict vegan; that is,...Ch. 54 - Ecologists survey the tree species in two forest...Ch. 54 - When one species was removed from a tide pool, the...Ch. 54 - Invasive species often reach a large biomass...Ch. 54 - Why do most food chains consist of only three to...Ch. 54 - According to the top-down (trophic cascade) model...Ch. 54 - During succession, inhibition by early species a....Ch. 54 - According to the nonequilibrium model, a. chance...Ch. 54 - Which of the following shows a mismatch between...Ch. 54 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 54 - A major explanation for the decline in species...Ch. 54 - Prob. 20TYK
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- Under what conditions can the realized niche of a species exceed its fundamental niche? a. never b. when the species is transported out of its natural geographic range c. when the species experiences mutualistic interactions with another species d. when the species is relieved of competition with another species e. all of the above (except for never)arrow_forwardChoose the correct statement. a. Secondary succession can occur where the disturbance has left the soil intact. b. Secondary succession occurs when no soil exists in a place. c. Primary succession can take place only when soil is left after a disturbance. d. Sometimes, during a succession, local species inhibits the growth of newcomers, a phenomenon termed as facilitation.arrow_forwardBy a currently favored hypothesis, species richness of a community is greatest when physical disturbances are of_____ intensity and frequency. a. low c. high b. intermediate d. variablearrow_forward
- An example of a pioneer species in primary succession and a pioneer species in secondary succession, respectively, are Select one: a. lichens and grass b. moss and insects c. lichens and trees d. grass and shrubsarrow_forwardIn landscape ecology, the matrix is the area surrounding a habitat patch. The matrix can affect a species living in the habitat patch by altering: O A. Dispersal between patches B. The availability of resources C. The abiotic environment in patches D. Our appreciation of Keanu Reeves' acting skills E. A, B and C are correctarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best represents the productivityhypothesis regarding species richness?a. The larger the area, the greater the number of species that will befound there.b. Temperate regions have a lower species richness due to the lack oftime available for migration after the last Ice Age.c. The number of species in a particular community is directly relatedto the amount of available energy.d. As invertebrate productivity increases, species richness will increase.e. Species richness is not related to primary productivity.arrow_forward
- The brown-headed cowbird is an animal that is native to the Alberta grasslands. Brown-headed cowbirds lay eggs in the nests of other grassland birds, thereby forcing the other species to hatch the eggs and raise the young.The type of symbiotic relationship between the cowbirds and the other species of birds is a. parasitism b. commensalism c. mutualism d. predation Please explain in details why you selected that method.arrow_forwardWhen an invasive species alters the community structure it is introduced to, what can the consequence be? a. extinction of economically important species b. reduced predation on some native species c. increased predation on some native species d. all of the abovearrow_forwardThe figure below shows the growth of two species in two habitats, both when the other species is present and when it is absent. What kind of interaction is occurring between these two species? (Consider both habitats, not just the interaction within one particular habitat.) Answer choices: A. Mutualism B. Conditional C. Commensalism D. Competition E. Parasitismarrow_forward
- 2) The intermediate disturbance hypothesis proposes that __________. A. the highest diversity in communities is maintained by an intermediate level of disturbance B. species that are disturbed frequently have intermediate levels of abundance within communities C. through time all communities will experience an intermediate level of disturbance D. disturbances within a community will always cause an intermediate level of diversity E. community diversity is always reduced by disturbancearrow_forwardStudies that demonstrate that species living in an ecological community change independently of one another in space and time a. indicate that the species arrived in the community at different times. b. indicate that the species’ realized niches are regulated by different aspects of the environment. c. suggest species interactions are the sole determinant of which species coexist in a community. d. None of the choices is correct.arrow_forwardCompetitive exclusion is the result of a. mutualism by two species for the same limiting resource. b.competition c. parasitism d. symbiosis e.commensalismarrow_forward
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