
(a) Interpretation:
The amino acid in Fischer projection and interpret it as D- or L- enantiomer.
Concept introduction:
Fischer projections are the representation of bonds by using horizontal and vertical lines in the 3D state. The horizontal lines represent the bonds that are out of paper towards the vision and the vertical lines represent the bonds pointing out the back of the paper away from vision. The intersection between the two lines represents the carbon atom.
A carbon which has all the four different atoms or group of atoms has tetrahedral geometry and such carbon molecule is referred to as the chiral carbon. The two different forms in which a single chiral center can exist is referred to as enantiomers. Simply, the substances which show optical isomerism exist as two isomers known as enantiomers. Enantiomers are non-super imposable mirror images of each other. The number of enantiomers of a molecule depends on the number of chiral centers.
Pictorial representation:
The Fischer projection of the given amino acidvaline is represented as below:
Fig. 1(a): Fischer projection of valine.
(b) Interpretation:
The amino acid in Fischer projection and interpret it as D- or L- enantiomer.
Concept introduction:
Fischer projections are the representation of bonds by using horizontal and vertical lines in the 3D state. The horizontal lines represent the bonds that are out of paper towards the vision and the vertical lines represent the bonds pointing out the back of the paper away from vision. The intersection between the two lines represents the carbon atom.
A carbon which has all the four different atoms or group of atoms has tetrahedral geometry and such carbon molecule is referred to as the chiral carbon. The two different forms in which a single chiral center can exist is referred to as enantiomers. Simply, the substances which show optical isomerism exist as two isomers known as enantiomers. Enantiomers are non-super imposable mirror images of each other. The number of enantiomers of a molecule depends on the number of chiral centers.
Pictorial representation:
The Fischer projection of threonine is represented as below.
Fig. 2(a): Fischer projection of threonine.
(c) Interpretation:
The amino acid in Fischer projection and interpret it as D- or L- enantiomer.
Concept introduction:
Fischer projections are the representation of bonds by using horizontal and vertical lines in the 3D state. The horizontal lines represent the bonds that are out of paper towards the vision and the vertical lines represent the bonds pointing out the back of the paper away from vision. The intersection between the two lines represents the carbon atom.
A carbon which has all the four different atoms or group of atoms has tetrahedral geometry and such carbon molecule is referred to as the chiral carbon. The two different forms in which a single chiral center can exist is referred to as enantiomers. Simply, the substances which show optical isomerism exist as two isomers known as enantiomers. Enantiomers are non-super imposable mirror images of each other. The number of enantiomers of a molecule depends on the number of chiral centers.
Pictorial representation:
The Fischer projection of glutamine is represented as below:
Fig. 3(a): Fischer projection of glutamine.

Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 5 Solutions
Biochemistry: Concepts and Connections
- Imagine that aldolase can react with the seven carbon molecule Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (below). Use the mechanism to predict the two products generated. Please draw out the stereochemistry in a fischer projection.arrow_forwardSodium borohydride (NaBH4) is a potent inhibitor of aldolase. It is known to ONLY inhibit theenzyme when it is complexed with substrate. Treatment of the enzyme alone has no effect.What is the mechanism for this inhibition? Please draw out the mechanism and show how it inhibits this.arrow_forwardShow the fate of the proton on the 4-Oxygen molecule of F-1,6-BP. Please include a drawing showing the electron flow that occurs.arrow_forward
- 1. Which one is the major organic product obtained from the following aldol condensation? O NaOH, H₂O heat A B C D Earrow_forwardAn organic chemist ordered the wrong item. She wanted to obtain 1-hydroxy-2-butanone, butinstead ordered 2-hydroxybutyraldehyde. As a good biochemist, show how the organic chemistcould use biological catalysis to make her desired compound. Please show the mechanism by drawing.arrow_forwardShow the fate of the hydrogen on carbon-2 of glucose. Please draw out the structure using curve arrows to show electron flow.arrow_forward
- 3. Which one of the compounds below is the major product formed by the reaction sequence shown here? CH3 + CH3NO2 NaOH H2, Ni ? nitromethane acetophenone OH OH HO HN- u x x x x Ph A HO -NH2 HO H Ph Ph Ph N- H B Ph NH2 D Earrow_forward4. Only ONE of the five compounds below can be prepared by an aldol condensation in which a single carbonyl compound is treated with base. Which one is it? To solve this problem, reverse the aldol condensation that formed each of these molecules to find out what two molecules came together to make the products. The one in which the two molecules are identical is the answer. Ph Ph ཚིག གནས ག ནཱ ཀ ན ཀནཱ A Ph H B Ph Ph H D Ph. Ph Ph E Harrow_forward5. Which one is the major organic product obtained from the following reaction sequence? First, equimolar amounts of cyclopentanone and LDA are mixed at -78°C. Then propionaldehyde (propanal) is added. Addition of aqueous acid completes the process. LDA, -78°C. 1. 2. H₂O* H A B H 0 D H H Earrow_forward
- 2. Which one is the major organic product obtained from the following reaction? NaOH, H₂O heat A B C D Earrow_forwardCH3CH2CHO + propanal PhCH2CHO 2-phenylacetaldehyde mixture of four products NaOH 10. In the crossed aldol reaction of propanal and 2-phenylacetaldehyde shown above, a mixture of four products will be formed. Which ONE of the compounds below will NOT be formed in this crossed aldol reaction? OH Ph A H OH OH Ph H B OH OH H H H Ph Ph C Ph D Earrow_forwardAn organic chemist ordered the wrong item. She wanted to obtain 1-hydroxy-2-butanone, butinstead ordered 2-hydroxybutyraldehyde. As a good biochemist, show how the organic chemistcould use biological catalysis to make her desired compound.arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781319114671Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.Publisher:W. H. FreemanLehninger Principles of BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781464126116Author:David L. Nelson, Michael M. CoxPublisher:W. H. FreemanFundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul...BiochemistryISBN:9781118918401Author:Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. PrattPublisher:WILEY
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage LearningBiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ...BiochemistryISBN:9780134015187Author:John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. PetersonPublisher:PEARSON





