Chapter 5, Problem 22Q

Program Plan Intro

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP):

• HTTP is an application protocol for distributed information system.
• HTTP is used for data communication in World Wide Web (WWW).
• Hypertext documents include hyperlinks which are used to link other resources on the same page.
• The user can use hyperlink by mouse click or tapping that link in a web browser.
• All the requests to/responses from the web browser are sent/received using HTTP.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):

• TCP is a protocol used in transport layer of internet model.
• It is used to deliver the packets to its destination.
• It breaks the large message into smaller packets as it is easier to process and transmit the smaller packets.
• It ensures the reliable delivery of packets.
• It connects the data link layer and application layer.

Domain Name Service (DNS):

• Internet uses IP addresses for interaction.
• Domain names are translated into an IP addresses by DNS so that the browser can download the internet resources.
• DNS is a distributed database which is implemented in a hierarchy of name servers.
• DNS is used for exchanging of messages between client and server.

User Datagram Protocol (UDP):

• UDP is a protocol used in transport layer.
• UDP Protocol Data Unit (PDU) is called datagram.
• PDU is called as segment or packet in transport layer.
• UDP is used only when there is a single small packet has to be sent.