Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 5, Problem 14PIAT
High-fructose corn syrup is produced by converting starch from com into a mixture of glucose and fructose monosaccharides. What two events must occur in this process in order to turn starch into these simple sugars?
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In order to metabolize lactose, most infants express the enzyme lactase in their intestines.
What kind of glycosidic linkage does lactose have? Please draw the individual monosaccharides to explain your answer.
Please explain how the monosaccharides in lactose will be used in glycolysis. Be specific.
An oligosaccharide is a repeating unit of a-D-galactopyranosyl-(a-1 >3)-allopyranoside. Each disaccharide unit is linked via B-1 --->4 glycosidic bond. The oligosaccharide has 10 monosaccharide residues.
Required:
Is this oligosaccharide a good substrate for glycolysis? Why or why not? Provide two reasons and discuss corn prehensively.
Consider the following statements:
(1) The term sugar is a general designation for both monosaccharides and disaccharides.
(2) The "penultimate carbon" in a monosaccharide is used to determine D- or L-configuration.
(3) Sucrose is a reducing sugar and lactose is a nonreducing sugar.
O Two of the three statements are true.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 5 - 1. What are three ways monosaccharides differ from...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 5 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 5 - 4. What are the primary functions of carbohydrates...Ch. 5 - Which of the differences listed here could be...Ch. 5 - What is the difference between linking glucose...Ch. 5 - Compare and contrast polysaccharides and nucleic...Ch. 5 - 8. Lysozyme, an enzyme found in human saliva,...Ch. 5 - SOCIETY Galactosemia is a potentially fatal...Ch. 5 - 10. If you hold a salty cracker in your mouth long...
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- 1) Please list all glycosidic linkages between each monosaccharide units. For example, α(1→4)2) Please discuss whether these oligo/polysaccharides would be reducing or non-reducing sugar. Remember to state your reasoning in complete sentence.arrow_forwardName which, if any, of the following are epimers of d-glucose: Dmannose, D-galactose, D-ribose.arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between the following monosaccharides (enantiomers, diastereomers, or epimers)? - D-glucose and L-glucose - D-glucose and D-allose - D-allose and D-altrose - D-altrose and D-glucosearrow_forward
- Refer to the figure below. Determine whether the given descriptions between the relationship of glucose and galactose is correct or incorrect. * сно ÇHO H OH HO-H H- -OH HO-H HO H- H-OH ČH,OH D-Glucose -H -OH H- -он CH,OH D-Galactose CORRECT INCORRECT Glucose and galactose are both Aldohexoses They constitute the structure of the disaccharide maltose They are epimers at carbon 4 They are not mirror images of each other, neither an enantiomeric pairarrow_forwardIndicate which of the terms monosaccharide, disaccharide, reducing sugar, anomers, enantiomers, and aldohexose applies to both members of each of the following pairs of substances. More than one term may apply to a given pair of substances. a-D-Glucose and a-D-galactose- Sucrose and cellobiose- Glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone- D-Ribose and L-ribose-arrow_forwardWhat is pentose ? Explain with examples ?arrow_forward
- b-Galactosidase is an enzyme that hydrolyses only b(1,4)linkages of lactose. An unknown trisaccharide is convertedby b-galactosidase into maltose and galactose. Draw thestructure of the trisaccharidearrow_forwardWhy are (+)glucose and (-)fructose both classified asD sugar.?arrow_forwardCopper ions present in Benedict’s reagent react with the free end of any reducing sugars, such as glucose, when heated. Originally blue in color, these copper ions are reduced by the sugar and produce an orange-red colored precipitate. Alternatively, iodine-potassium iodide (IKI) may also be used when working with starch. IKI contains special tri-iodine ions which interact with the coiled structure of a starch polymer. Prior to a reaction, the IKI displays a yellow-brown color; however, after reacting with starch, a dark purple or black color is presented. The molecule pictured below produced a blue color when tested with Benedict’s reagent, a yellow color when tested with IKI, and a violet color when tested with Biuret reagent. Based on the structure shown below and these chemical results, what kind of biomolecule is this?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is correct regarding the structures below? CHO CHO CHO -Н НО H НО н- ОН -Н - ОН CH2OH CAB All are structures of D-sugars. All are structures of ketohexoses. Only CAR is a monosaccharide. O Only CAP is a L-sugar. -ОН -ОН H-OH H-OH H- ОН CH₂OH CAR но-н H-OH н НО т н-он CH₂OH CAP CH₂OH Fo НО-Н H НО-Н H он CH₂OH CATarrow_forwardFor a sugar to behave as a reducing sugar, it must have a free aldehyde group. Fructose is a ketose, yet it behaves like a reducing sugar. Explain.arrow_forwardWhen glucose is reduced, only one alditol is produced. When fructose undergoes the same reaction, however, two diasteriometric sugars are produced. Draw their structures.arrow_forward
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