Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 45.2, Problem 3LO
Describe innate immune responses, including physical barriers; recognition by pattern recognition receptors; actions of phagocytes and other cells; actions of cytokines and complement; and the inflammatory response.
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Define the key components that make up the innate immune system (e.g., macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and complement system), and describe how these elements protect against infection.
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Chapter 45 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 45.1 - Compare, in general terms, the immune responses...Ch. 45.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.1 - In general, how are vertebrate immune responses...Ch. 45.2 - Describe innate immune responses, including...Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 45.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 45.2 - VISUALIZE Draw a diagram illustrating the main...Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 4LO
Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 5LOCh. 45.3 - How are cell-mediated immunity and...Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 45.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 45.4 - Describe the sequence of events in cell-mediated...Ch. 45.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.5 - Summarize the sequence of events in...Ch. 45.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 45.5 - Prob. 9LOCh. 45.5 - Prob. 10LOCh. 45.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.5 - Prob. 2CCh. 45.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 45.5 - Prob. 4CCh. 45.6 - Prob. 11LOCh. 45.6 - Describe examples of hypersensitivity, including...Ch. 45.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 45.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 45.6 - Prob. 3CCh. 45.6 - Prob. 4CCh. 45.6 - What is the immunological basis for graft...Ch. 45 - Innate immune responses include all but (a)...Ch. 45 - Cytokines (a) are regulatory Toll-like receptors...Ch. 45 - Which of the following is not an action of...Ch. 45 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 45 - Which sequence most accurately describes...Ch. 45 - VISUALIZE Label the following diagram and explain...Ch. 45 - Specificity, diversity, and memory are key...Ch. 45 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 45 - PREDICT A playmate in kindergarten exposes John...Ch. 45 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 16TYU
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- Discuss the key components that make up the innate immune system, and describe how the major elements of the innate immune system protect the body against infection.arrow_forwardDescribe the physical barriers of the body that contribute to the immune defense system and describe each cell type involved in the innate immune response.arrow_forwardContrast cell – mediated immunity with antibody – mediated immunity. Make sure to note: which cells are involved, how they are involved, and the end result of each type of immunity. Why is adaptive immunity called an “antigen-specific response”?arrow_forward
- Describe how the innate and acquired immune systems work as a unit to protect the body against infection.arrow_forwardAdaptive immunity can be divided into four distinct classifications, describe each: natural active immunity, natural passive immunity, artificial passive immunity, and artificial active immunity Describe the functions of each of the three classes of T cells.arrow_forwardIngestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes is mediated by receptors for the bound complement proteins. Even when the complement cascade fails to proceed beyond generating the C3 convertase, complement activation is effective at inducing pathogen uptake and destruction. This process of immune protection is mediated by: Activation of complement inhibitory receptors on phagocytes that promote pathogen uptake Activation of soluble proteases in the serum that disrupt pathogen membranes Engagement of complement receptors on phagocytes by C3b and its cleavage products which promotes phagocytosis Engagement of complement receptors on B cells that promotes antibody production Stimulation of antimicrobial peptide secretion by phagocytesarrow_forward
- Acquired or adaptive immunity can be divided in to Natural Active, Natural Passive, Artificial Active, and Artificial Passive Immunity. Which types will lead to long lasting immune protection? Which will provide short term protection?arrow_forwardDescribe three effector actions of innate immunity.arrow_forward■ Which of the following is considered an innate immunity. Production of antibodies via B lymphocytes Killing virally infected cells by cytotoxic T lymphocyte The protective action of lysozymes in tears and saliva [ All of the abovearrow_forward
- Distinguish between immune specificity, memory,and tolerance.arrow_forwardExplain the role of immune cells in both innate and adaptive immunity separatelyarrow_forward● ● Distinguish between innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Describe the various cells and organs that constitute the immune system. Discuss the white blood cell count differential and its role in diagnosing infectious disease. Describe the physical and chemical barriers to infection. Explain the basic roles of SALT, GALT, MALT and M cells in innate immunity. List the five cardinal signs of inflammation, and describe the process of inflammation.arrow_forward
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