CAMPBELL BIOLOGY (18W)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780136858256
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 45.2, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? 2192 Propose an explanation for why defects in a particular hormone caicade pathway observed in pationts typically affect the final gland in the pathway rather than the hypothalamus or pituitary.
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Signaling molecules interact with cells through specific macromolec-
ular receptors. For each of the four receptors identified below, list all
characteristics, by number, which accurately describe that receptor.
(a) an adrenergic receptor
(b) a steroid receptor .
(c) the LDL. receptor_
(d) the insulin receptor
1. Located at the cell surface
2. Associated with the protein clathrin
3. Ligand binding stimulates the activity of phospholipase C
4. A transmembrane protein
5. A DNA-binding protein
6. Located in the cell interior
7. Receptor-ligand complex moves to the lysosome
8. Receptor-ligand complex becomes concentrated in the nucleus
9. Receptor activation can inhibit the synthesis of glycogen
10. The hormone-receptor complex activates specific gene tran-
scription
11. Internalization decreases the synthesis of cholesterol esters
WA
82. Regulation of cellular metabolism by insulin requires activation of the insulin-receptor substrate protein-1 (IRS1). Some individuals who have type 2 diabetes mellitus have mutations in the
IRS1 gene. Which of the following normal steps in insulin signaling is most likely to be impaired by these mutations?
A) Cleavage of IRS1 by the insulin receptor
B) Phosphorylation of IRS1 by the insulin receptor
C) Production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate by IRS1
D) Stimulation of a G protein by IRS1
E) Synthesis of diacylglycerol by IRS1
Chapter 45 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY (18W)
Ch. 45.1 - How do response mechanisms in target cells differ...Ch. 45.1 - What type of gland would you expect to secrete...Ch. 45.1 - WHAT IF? Predict what would happen if you...Ch. 45.2 - What are the roles of oxytocin and prolactin in...Ch. 45.2 - How do the two fused glands of the pituitary gland...Ch. 45.2 - WHAT IF? 2192 Propose an explanation for why...Ch. 45.2 - what if? Lab tests of two patients, each...Ch. 45.3 - If a hormone pathway produces a transient response...Ch. 45.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 45.3 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 45 - MAKE CONNECTIONS What forms of signaling activate...Ch. 45 - Which major endocrine organs described in Figure...Ch. 45 - Prob. 45.3CRCh. 45 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 45 - Growth factors are local regulators that (A) are...Ch. 45 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 45 - Which of the following is the most likely...Ch. 45 - The relationship between the insect hormones...Ch. 45 - DRAW IT In mammals, milk production by mammary...Ch. 45 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 45 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 45 - Level 3: Synthesis/Evaluation 11. WRITE ABOUT A...Ch. 45 - Prob. 12TYU
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- Give 3 examples of probable endocrine disruptors. Why are endocrine disruptors ofconcern even at very low concentrations?Briefly describe:a) the endocrine system (what biological systems are involved), andb) 3 ways endocrine disruptors (EDs) affect the endocrine systemarrow_forwardSuppose that the circulating concentration of hor-mone is 10–10 M and the Kd for binding to its receptor is 10–8M. What fraction of the receptors will have hormone bound?If a meaningful physiological response occurs when 50% ofthe receptors have bound a hormone molecule, how muchwill the concentration of hormone have to rise to elicit aresponse? The fraction of receptors (R) bound to hormone(H) to form a receptor–hormone complex (R–H) is [R–H]/([R] + [R–H]) = [R–H]/[R]TOT = [H]/([H] + Kd).arrow_forwardExplain the cascade effect for the second-messengermodel of hormone action. Does the second-messengeramplification produce a slow or rapid response?arrow_forward
- Yellow: Did not have answers from anyone but confident based on notes Question 1: Insulin can have pleiotropic (wide ranging) effects in cells because...? 1. The insulin receptor phosphorylates with a family of substrates inside the cell 2. There are over 20 versions of the insulin receptor expressed in vertebrates 3. The insulin receptor heterodimers with the GH and PRL receptors 4. MRAP (membrane associated receptor proteins) couple the insulin receptor to different effector pathways Question 2: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is accurately described by which of the following statements? 1. It is not a member of the peptide hormone superfamily 2. It binds to a 1-TMS receptor that signals through guanylate cyclase 3. It is sulphated on tyrosine residues for full activity 4. It is proteolytically released from POMC by gut cells Question 3: Insulin... 1. Is released from the pancreas in vertebrates and invertebrates 2. Is released from the vertebrate pancreas in response to hyperglycemia 3. Is…arrow_forwardHi, Can you elaborate about how genetic control of hormone formation can be used to treat endocrinopathies. Thanks in advance.arrow_forwardUsing the cultured cells used in this experiment and described in the introduction, how would you approach determining the potency of an agonist to the D2 receptor?arrow_forward
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