Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780133922851
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 43.4, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? Ø How would a macrophage deficiency likely affect a person’s innate and adaptive defenses?
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When surface barriers protecting the body are breached, the second line of defense (of the innate immune system) is activated. These internal defenses include inflammation and phagocytosis amongst other quick responses. Briefly explain acute inflammation in terms of vascular and cellular events. Use your understanding of blood vessels (smooth muscle and endothelial cells), chemical signalling and the interstitial space to help explain the four signs of inflammation - heat, redness, pain and swelling.
What happens during the initial stage of acute inflammation?
O brief vasodilation followed by vasoconstriction and recruitment of macrophages
brief vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation resulting in edema
brief vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation resulting in excess tissue production
recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages that result in edema
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How do macrophages capture foreign molecules (pathogens)?
By attachment of the macrophage to the pathogen via its corresponding Toll-like receptor
By attachment of the macrophage to the pathogen via its corresponding MHC
By killing the pathogen outside the macrophage
By secreting different cytokines
Chapter 43 Solutions
Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
Ch. 43.1 - Pus is both a sign of infection and an indicator...Ch. 43.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How do the molecules that...Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.2 - WHAT IF? If both copies of a light-chain gene and...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 43.3 - Treatment of antibodies with a particular protease...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 43.4 - WHAT IF? How would a macrophage deficiency likely...Ch. 43 - In what ways does innate immunity protect the...Ch. 43 - Why is the adaptive immune response to an initial...Ch. 43 - Is immunological memory after a natural infection...Ch. 43 - Prob. 43.4CRCh. 43 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 43 - An epitope associates with which part of an...Ch. 43 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 43 - Level 2: Application/Analysis 4. Which of the...Ch. 43 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 43 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Contrast clonal selection with...Ch. 43 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Describe one invertebrate...Ch. 43 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 43 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 43 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This photo shows a child...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What function do receptors play in specific immune responses andhow can they be made to vary so widely?arrow_forwardWhat is a cytokine? A ) a. a chemical mediator (stimulus) of inflammation that is released by cells in response to tissue or cell damage O b. an antimicrobial substance made by neutrophils O c. a repair stimulator produced by Eosinophils during an allergic reaction O d. cellular (cyto-) substance that mediates noisy arguments between macrophages and lymphocytes And that I put A Cardiac disease is considered a(n) O a. acute, 3 O b. acute, 10 1 c. chronic, 3 O d. chronic, 10 Oe, acutely chronic, 114 And that I put Chronic 3 Are the 3 questions correct?arrow_forwardImmune systems of animals are very complex. For an animal's immune system to work properly, certain cells must be able to recognize other specific types of cells, so that they can bind to and communicate with them. These types of interactions allow an immune system to decide if and when to launch an immune response. For example, dendritic cells must be able to recognize and interact with T-cells, but they do not need to recognize adipocyte cells. Which of the following describes a difference between T-cells and adipocyte cells that would allow dendritic cells to recognize one, but not the other? A. Adipocyte cells must have a cell wall, while T-cells lack one. B. T-cells and adipocyte cells must have different types of lipids that compose their plasma membranes. C. Adipocyte cells must lack endoplasmic reticulum, while T-cells possess endoplasmic reticulum. D. T-cells and adipocyte cells must have some differences in the carbohydrates and/or…arrow_forward
- Some primitive organisms, such as invertebrates, have no lymphocytes and thus lack an adaptive immune system, but they have somecomponents of an innate immune system, including phagocytes andcertain protective proteins. What are some general features of innateimmunity that make it very valuable to organisms lacking more specific antibody- and cell-mediated responses? What are some disadvantages to having only an innate immune system?arrow_forwardWhat is the function of carbohydrate groups present in collagen? Where are the carbohydrate units located in collagen? What is the role of vitamin C in the biosynthesis of collagen? What is the difference between an antigen and an antibody? What is immunoglobulin? Describe the structural features of a typical immune-globulin molecule? Describe the process by which blood immunoglobulins help protect the body from invading bacteria and viruses. Describe the general overall structure of plasma lipoprotein. In what chemical form does cholesterol usually exist in the bloodstream?arrow_forwardAdaptive Response Fill in the blanks.. Our specific defense system recognizes and fights autoimmune foreign molecules, or It can protect us antigens against like bacteria or viruses, or abnormal human cells like An allergy is the system's "overreaction" to things like pollen, cancer peanuts, or shellfish. The system can also target healthy pathogens human tissues causing diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. 11 O Teamwork Toolboxarrow_forward
- Part b pleasearrow_forwardInflammation is often spoken of as something to be avoided. However, inflammation is really part of the body's healing process. Discuss the difference between acute and chronic inflammation. How is inflammation used to help heal damaged tissue? How can inflammation prolong and even compromise healing? Design a public health info graphic to help educate people about the ways inflammation acts on the human body.arrow_forwardExplain the mechanism by which (A) macrophages and NK cells, and (B) macrophages and effector T cells become mutually activated in the course of an innate and adaptive immune response, respectively. (C) Which gene defects would impair these mutual activation processes?arrow_forward
- Innate Defense Briefly describe the role of each in our innate defense system.. skin inflammation Турe here... Type here... mucous membranes fever Type here... Турe here... phagocytes natural killer cells Type here... Type here...arrow_forward33333333arrow_forward. Which of these is not part of insect immunity?(A) enzyme activation of pathogen-killingchemicals(B) activation of natural killer cells(C) phagocytosis by hemocytes(D) production of antimicrobial peptidesarrow_forward
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